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The Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB) is providing comprehensive daily multimedia coverage of COP 16, including detailed reports, photographs and analyses of events and proceedings. The ENB is a balanced, timely and independent reporting service, covering the UN environmental and development negotiations. If is the flagship publication of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), a non-profit organization based in Canada. Many UN delegates, ministers and other governmental officials, NGOs, the business community, the academia, the. Media and UN staff who track environment and sustainable development issues consider the ENB coverage to be essential reading, respecting its impartial and comprehensive coverage.All ENB photos are free to use with attribution. 

The Mayor's Forum at the 16th Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), held in Riyadh, opened with a powerful call to action.Engineer Waleed Al-Akrich, Deputy for Projects of the Riyadh Municipality, represented Dr. Faisal Al-Hadlaziz Al-Hayyar, Mayor of Riyadh. In his opening remarks, Al-Akrich emphasized the critical role of local and regional governments in combating desertification, land degradation, and drought. Speaking under the theme "Our Land, Our Future," he highlighted the transformative potential of multilevel governance frameworks, urging collaboration across governments, NGOs, and international entities."To secure our land and ensure our future, we need transformative policies, knowledge sharing, and partnerships that transcend borders," he declared.Moderated by Carlos Correa, former Mayor of Montevideo, the forum showcased diverse perspectives from mayors and local leaders worldwide. Uğur İbrahim Altay, Mayor of Konya and President of UCLG, shared innovative efforts in Turkey, such as restoring the dried Meke Lake and advancing water conservation. Noraini Roslan, representing Selangor State, Malaysia, highlighted strategies balancing urbanization with sustainability, including mangrove rehabilitation and wetland protection. Mohamed Sefiani, Mayor of Chefchaouen, Morocco, illustrated the importance of urban-rural linkages in local reforestation and ecosystem restoration efforts to combat climate change.The panel emphasized the need for collaborative governance, knowledge sharing, and sustainable solutions like nature-based projects, urban nature components, and integrated land-use planning. Participants stressed the importance of local governments as first responders to challenges such as land degradation, food security, and climate change, urging institutionalized roles for local authorities within the UNCCD framework.Rethinking urban-rural connections: A path to sustainable land useBuilding on the discussions from the Mayor's Forum, the release of the Primer on Urban-Rural Linkages and Land highlights how these connections are pivotal for sustainable development. Developed by UNCCD and UN-Habitat, the Primer offers a roadmap to foster equitable and sustainable interactions between urban and rural communities.Urban-rural linkages—flows of people, goods, services, and ideas—are essential to sustain both vibrant urban centers and thriving rural communities. However, they also bring unique challenges, as detailed in the Primer. These include fragmented governance, resource exploitation, peri-urban expansion, and the interconnected challenges of land degradation and climate change. The Primer outlines solutions that prioritize multilevel governance, integrated land-use planning, and nature-based approaches like investing in green infrastructure to support ecosystem health.Over 4.4 billion people live in urban areas today, a number expected to rise to 68% by 2050. Despite occupying less than 3% of the Earth's surface, cities consume nearly 70% of natural resources and generate over 70% of global emissions. Meanwhile, rural areas—providing essential resources like food, water, and energy—face increasing pressures from urban demand, deforestation, and land degradation. Strengthening urban-rural linkages is critical to address these disparities and build resilience against future challenges."We convene today as stewards of our communities, championing a future that aligns the social and ecological functions of land with the new urban agenda," stated Anacláudia Rossbach, Executive Director of UN-Habitat, who announced the Primer via video during the forum. She underscored the need for inclusive solutions to address migration pressures, food security, and water scarcity while ensuring no one is left behind.Setting the benchmark for collaborationThe discussions at COP16 and the launch of the Primer reaffirmed the commitment to stronger urban-rural linkages and sustainable land management. By aligning policies and actions across scales, the forum highlighted the critical role of local governments in shaping a resilient future.

Journalists are invited to cover People’s Day at UNCCD COP16, a pivotal moment on Day 6 featuring high-level dialogues and interactive sessions that highlight the contributions of Indigenous Peoples, youth, and gender equality in combating desertification and land degradation, while showcasing innovative solutions, fostering inclusive participation, and strengthening partnerships for sustainable land restoration.Key EventsHigh-level Event: Indigenous Peoples for LandWhen: 10:-00–13:00Where: MET-33For the first time, UNCCD COP16 will host a dedicated dialogue with Indigenous Peoples, focusing on integrating their voices into UNCCD implementation. The session will work on crafting recommendations for meaningful Indigenous participation, especially in rangeland protection, ahead of the International Year of Rangelands. Indigenous representatives will also engage in high-level events and People’s Day activities to call for greater partnerships and support for their contributions to land restoration.Youth Forum: Action for Land, Restoring Work for Resilient and Sustainable FuturesWhen: 15:00 – 18:00Where: MET-33Under the patronage of the Saudi Minister of Human Resources and Social Development, this forum gathers ministers, UNCCD leadership, COP presidencies, international organizations, youth-led initiatives like the Youth Negotiator Academy, and partners such as AGFUND and the MISK Foundation. Discussions will address challenges in combating desertification and explore technology, community solutions, and youth leadership in building resilience and sustainability.Gender Caucus: Emerging Best Practices on the Collection of Sex-Disaggregated Data and Gender-Responsive Indicators for DLDD InitiativesWhen: 15:00 – 16:20Where: MET-24This session showcases best practices in gender-responsive indicators and sex-disaggregated data for monitoring drought, land degradation, and desertification. It aims to inform UNCCD’s next strategic framework with refined metrics.Other Press EventsDaily Press Conference on Peoples DayWhen: 14:00-14:30Where: MET-17Speakers:Tarja Halonen, Former President of Finland, Sustainability Advocate and UNCCD Co-Chair of the Gender Caucus.Her Highness Princess Mashael bint Saud Al-Shalan , Co-Founder, Aeon Collective, Saudi ArabiaHindou Oumarou Ibrahim, President, Association for Indigenous Women and Peoples of Chad (AFPAT)This media briefing tackles the role of indigenous people, youth, and women in land restoration and as champions of inclusive and sustainable development.Media AccreditationAll journalists must be accredited to attend. Accreditation can be completed through the Online Registration System (ORS). Additional information, including the full agenda and session details, is available on the COP16 website.For inquiries, contact press@unccd.intKey resources Press releases and other media materials from COP16 updated daily  hereUNCCD COP16 Trello Board, including branding guidelines and key messagesUNCCD COP16 websiteHost country website COP16 conference app available in the Apple app store and Google PlayUN WebTV – live broadcast of key plenary sessions with live interpretation in all six UN languages.Press and media kitSocial media kitPhoto assets – Flickr and Earth Negotiation Bulletin Press Conference ScheduleFuture Key COP16 Events for Media 9 December: Launch of the Global Aridity Trends Report

UNCCD COP16: Uniting Leaders to Take Action on Pressing Land Issues on Governance DayJournalists are  invited to attend Day 5 of COP16,  where a series of significant events will focus on local and regional actions in combating land degradation, water scarcity, and desertification, as well as advancing women's land rights and enhancing urban-rural linkages.Key EventsMayor's Forum: Showcasing the Role of Local and Regional Governments in Combating Land Degradation, Water Scarcity, and DesertificationWhen: 13:00–15:00Where: MET-33This forum will feature a roundtable dialogue on the role of local governments in addressing land degradation, desertification, and water scarcity, highlighting effective climate resilience actions. A plenary discussion on 6 December will further explore practical experiences and solutions shared by local and regional governments.Women’s Land Rights for Effective Restoration Efforts: Understanding Synergies, Taking ActionWhen: 13:00–15:00Where: MET-33This session will examine the vital role of strengthening land rights for women in ecosystem restoration efforts, showcasing successful approaches, offering recommendations for equitable action, and exploring how gender justice can be integrated into land and restoration policies..Urban-Rural Linkages and Land: Tools and Governance Frameworks for ActionWhen: 15:30–17:30Where: MET-24This session will provide an overview of the challenges and solutions related to urban-rural linkages, focusing on governance frameworks, spatial planning, and finance tools. It will discuss how these tools can strengthen the connections between rural producers and urban consumers.Key ReportsPrimer on Urban-Rural Linkages and Land: Tools and Governance Frameworks for ActionOther Press EventsPlease note that there will be no press briefing on 6th December. However, you’re cordially invited to join the People’s Day press briefing on 7th December which will cover Indigenous Peopl and gender issues related to land. Media AccreditationAll journalists must be accredited to attend. Accreditation can be completed through the Online Registration System (ORS). Additional information, including the full agenda and session details, is available on the COP16 website.For inquiries, contact press@unccd.intKey resources Press releases and other media materials from COP16 updated daily  hereUNCCD COP16 Trello Board, including branding guidelines and key messagesUNCCD COP16 websiteHost country website COP16 conference app available in the Apple app store and Google PlayUN WebTV – live broadcast of key plenary sessions with live interpretation in all six UN languages.Press and media kitSocial media kitPhoto assets – Flickr and Earth Negotiation Bulletin Press Conference Schedule World Soil Day 2024 underlines vital importance of accurate soil data and information for food securityFuture Key COP16 Events for Media 6 December: Launch of the Primer on Urban-Rural Linkages and Land9 December: Launch of the Global Aridity Trends Report 

Largest private sector participation at a UNCCD COP to date builds momentum for sustainable land management UNCCD’s Business4Land (B4L) Initiative releases a guide to help the private sector assess land degradation risks and report on mitigation actions5 December (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) — On Wednesday 4th December, hundreds of private sector representatives from finance, fashion, agri-food to pharmaceuticals, convened in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to discuss their role in ensuring sustainable land, soil and water management. They responded to a call to action launched by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) at the 16th Conference of the Parties.The Business 4 Land Forum brought together high-level decision makers and CEOs from companies that are particularly land-and-water-dependent, including firms in the agrifood, pharma, energy, textiles, ICT, and finance and insurance sectors. Land degradation and drought pose serious risks for businesses and investors, meaning it is in their best interest to mitigate them by contributing to global efforts for healthy lands and drought resilience.The event was part of  Business 4 Land (B4L), an initiative launched by UNCCD earlier this year in Davos with InTent - a platform that can quickly mobilize an influential and diverse group of decision-makers for change - to engage and support private actors in sustainable land management. It is supported by the COP16 Presidency, the World Economic Forum, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, ChangeNOW, the Sustainable Fibre Alliance, the International Chamber of Commerce, the UN Global Compact, and the Saudi Environment Fund. “COP16 has attracted the largest-ever participation of the private sector to a UNCCD COP to date, providing a critical momentum to make sustainable land management a core part of corporate and financial strategies,” said the Executive Secretary of UNCCD Ibrahim Thiaw. “Shifting towards nature-positive operations, supply chains, and investments, is not only about environmental sustainability, but about the long-term profitability and resilience of businesses.”The B4L Forum brought together 60 high-level speakers and 400 guests; among them, more than 40 corporations that recognize the urgent need to address land degradation and drought, and acknowledge their responsibility in ensuring the sustainable management of natural resources as a business and social imperative.  B4L’s call to action urges companies to contribute to one or more of the Business 4 Land (B4L) initiative's pillars: promoting sustainable practices across business operations; supporting finance solutions; and advocating for better land and water management policies. “$44 trillion, over half of global GDP, is at risk from nature loss. It is imperative for business to explore innovations that can halt and reverse land degradation while unlocking opportunities for business growth,” said Gim Huay Neo, Managing Director at 1T.org, World Economic Forum. “Through collaboration with governments and other stakeholders, business can accelerate progress on land restoration for a more resilient future for all.”André Hoffmann, member of the high-level advisory committee of COP16 and founder of InTent and Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors said: "The private sector, which can play vital role in the sustainable transition we urgently need, must see nature not as a resource to exploit but as our life-support system. The B4L Forum was an opportunity to forge new coalitions to restore land and build resilience. By shifting from extraction to collaboration, we can drive investments in nature-based solutions that secure human prosperity and planetary health."The forum highlighted the need to align business, policies, and finance to protect land as a critical asset. Participants discussed how to account for the corporate impacts on land, how to mitigate the risks of land degradation - for example, by setting measurable targets both in direct operations and across supply chains - and by reporting on progress.New guidance for the private sectorThe Business 4 Land initiative launched a guide to help corporate actors navigate land-related disclosures and target-setting and align their strategies with national policies and global goals for a fair land transition. "Corporate disclosures are essential for land-positive businesses. Today, many companies still lack a clear understanding of their land-related impacts and dependencies, leaving them vulnerable to significant risks”, said Razan Al Mubarak, Co-Chair of the Taskforce for Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) and President of IUCN. The report, ‘Corporate Disclosures and Target-Setting on Land Guide’, was developed together with the (TNFD) and the Science Based Targets Network (SBTN), in consultation with actors like the WEF and the COP16 Presidency.  The costs of land degradation and drought are steep. For example, U.S. farmers may face short-term costs of up to USD 40 per acre for regenerative agriculture practices, but long-term profits can increase by up to 120%. B4L's guide supports companies in harnessing these opportunities.“In a context of rising nature risks, businesses have a key role to plan in taking action for land and reversing the trend of degradation, water scarcity and biodiversity loss impacting our societies and economies, across value chains and industries,” concluded a member of the Executive Committee of the World Economic Forum Nicole Schwab.***COMMENTSPhilippe Zaouati, CEO of the MIROVA sustainable investment fund, said: “Companies stand to gain significantly by transforming their value chains to incorporate sustainable practices, not only to reduce their impact on nature but also to seize the economic opportunities that arise. Mobilizing funding for land restoration requires a concerted effort by the public and private sectors. By working together, we can create an enabling environment for restoration, which is essential to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality by 2050 and a sustainable future.”Henri Bruxelles, CSO of Danone, said: “The livelihoods of more than 2.5 billion people, many of them smallholder farmers, depend on agriculture, which is both a significant contributor to climate change and one of the most impacted by its impacts. Collaborating across sectors of society is vital to address the intertwined climate and water challenges; guarantee food security and nutrition; and secure the livelihoods of the communities that feed the world; and build a sustainable food system.”Erin Billman, Co-lead of SBTN’s Land Hub & Executive Director of the Science Based Targets Network: “Connecting corporate actions and their science-based targets to party commitments under the UN conventions is an important lever in delivering the promise of global targets.”Maryanne Gichanga, CEO of AgriTech Analytics Ltd, who won a USD 50,000 grant provided by InTent as part of the Land of Opportunities Pitch Competition on 4 December at COP16: “Having our start up, AgriTech Analytics being spotlighted in such a global stage during Land Day has been such an incredible opportunity, spearheading collaborations and partnerships. Receiving the generous prize of 50k USD the Land of Opportunities Pitch competition will enable us to scale and help more farmers in the farming communities in Kenya. We are very grateful for UNCCD for inviting us to join COP16 and for the pitch competition partners for their contributions.”NOTES Media enquiries: Please contact contact UNCCD Press Office at press@unccd.int  or unccd@portland-communications.comSocial media: @UNCCD #COP16Riyadh #UNited4Land #Business4LandAbout UNCCDThe United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is the only legally binding international agreement on good land stewardship. It supports communities and countries in creating wealth and securing nutritious food, clean water and energy through sustainable land management. Through partnerships, the Convention’s 197 parties also set up robust systems to proactively manage drought risks. Good land stewardship based on sound policy and science helps integrate and accelerate achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, builds resilience to climate change, and prevents biodiversity loss.About Bussiness 4 Land (B4L)B4L is the UNCCD’s main initiative to engage the private sector in sustainable land and water management. It helps companies and financial institutions manage risks and seize opportunities tied to land degradation and drought. B4L aims to restore 1.5 billion hectares of land by 2030, contributing to Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), a global commitment to achieve net zero land degradation by 2030, as well as enhancing drought resilience.

UNCCD COP16:  Advocating for Sustainable Land Management on Agri-Food Systems DayJournalists are invited to attend Day 4 of COP16, which focuses on how resilient crops and healthy soils can drive global food security and sustainable development. The day will spotlight innovative strategies and global action to advance sustainable land management through agri-food system transformation.Key EventsWrapping up a COP year: The Role of Agrifood Systems Across the Three Rio ConventionsWhen: 8:00–8:45Where: MET-33This event will set the tone for Agri-food Systems Day, focusing on the transformation toward more sustainable, resilient and inclusive agri-food systems. It will discuss the restoration of agricultural land to achieve multiple co-benefits, including food security, Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), carbon storage, and biodiversity. The session aims to enhance the interlinkages between the three Rio Conventions, soil and water restoration and strategies for scaling impactful actions globally.World Soil Day CelebrationWhen: 10:30–11:30Where: MET-33A live stream of the World Soil Day celebration from Bangkok (Thailand) observing its 10th anniversary, followed by a panel discussion led by World Food Prize 2020 recipient Prof. Rattan Lal. The panel will focus on the current status and challenges facing global soils, emphasizing the urgent need for action to preserve and restore soil health.High-Level Interactive Dialogue on Sustainable, Resilient and Inclusive Agri-Food SystemsWhen: 13:00–15:00Where: MET-33A high-level, interactive, multi-stakeholder dialogue that will discuss the contributions of governments and non-state actors to catalyze the transformation toward sustainable, resilient, and inclusive agri-food systems. The session will launch the Agri-Food Systems component of the Riyadh Action Agenda and outline a collaborative pathway to meet the UNCCD’s land degradation neutrality commitments.Other Press EventsWorld Soil Day Press Conference and Daily BriefingWhen: 12:30-13:00Where: MET-17Speakers:Juan-Carlos Mendoza, IFAD Director Environment, Climate, Gender and Social Inclusion DivisionAbdulhakim Elwaer, FAO Assistant Director-GeneralLifeng Li, FAO Director of Land and WaterWorld Soil Day (WSD) is held annually on 5 December to focus attention on the importance of healthy soil and advocating for the sustainable management of soil resources. The theme for this year is "Caring for Soils: Measure, Monitor, Manage," which underscores the importance of accurate soil data and information to understand soil characteristics and support informed decision making on sustainable soil management for food security.This press conference is held in conjunction with the daily briefing for journalists at UNCCD COP16.Media AccreditationAll journalists must be accredited to attend. Accreditation can be completed through the Online Registration System (ORS). Additional information, including the full agenda and session details, is available on the COP16 website.For inquiries, contact press@unccd.intKey resources Press releases and other media materials from COP16 updated daily hereUNCCD COP16 Trello Board, including branding guidelines and key messagesUNCCD COP16 websiteHost country website COP16 conference app available in the Apple app store and Google PlayUN WebTV – live broadcast of key plenary sessions with live interpretation in all six UN languages.Press and media kitSocial media kitPhoto assets – Flickr and Earth Negotiation Bulletin Press Conference Schedule Future Key COP16 Events for Media 6 December: Launch of the Primer on Urban-Rural Linkages and Land9 December: Launch of the Global Aridity Trends Report