Annex V: Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)
Soil degradation and desertification is severe in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). While the degree of land degradation in the CEE region varies from country to country, evidence shows that the problem is getting worse.
The CEE region experiences various forms of land degradation caused by:
- Development of transitioning economies
- Soil depletion caused by agricultural processes
- Deforestation, due to pollution stress and frequent forest fires
- Inappropriate irrigation and excessive exploitation of water resources, which contribute to:
- Chemical pollution
- Salinization
- Exhaustion of aquifers
Central and Eastern Europe: Regional cooperation
The UNCCD’s regional Annex V entered into force in 2001 by the Decision of
Conference of the Parties (COP) 5, titled “The Regional implementation Annex of the Convention for the region of Eastern and Central Europe”.
Currently, 19 countries of the CEE are the Parties to the UNCCD. Fifteen of these Parties have declared their status of being affected country Parties.
At COP12 in 2015 the countries of CEE 12 endorsed the Regional Action Programme (RAP CEE) at its regional meeting. The RAP CEE identifies the following priority areas for regional cooperation:
- strengthening regional policies
- increased knowledge on desertification, land degradation and drought (DLDD) in the region
- achievement of land degradation neutrality (LDN)
- capacity building
- organic agriculture
- elaboration of joint sustainable land management (SLM) projects
Sub-regional activities aimed at managing drought in South Eastern Europe are underway. In 2006 the countries in this sub-region established a Drought Management Centre for South Eastern Europe (DMCSEE) to better forecast drought occurrences, frequency and impacts. The center is hosted by Slovenia and in cooperation with the UNCCD secretariat and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
With adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 the region of Central and Eastern Europe is set to translate the Goals into the national targets. Most of the countries of the region have prioritized the SDG 15.3. “By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world”.
The countries will build national capacity to set up the LDN target and monitor its achievement.
Contact Regional Liaison Office for Europe (Annex V)
(located in UNCCD Headquarters in Bonn)
Ms. Nadezda Dementieva
- Regional Liaison Officer
- ndementieva [at] unccd.int (ndementieva[at]unccd[dot]int)
- 00 49 228 815 2824
Related news
Central Asia is a region confronting complex challenges related to land degradation, heightened vulnerability to impacts of climate variability and change including natural hazards and issues related to jobs and fragility. Land degradation has vast economic costs for the region, where it costs, on average, five percent of Central Asia’s GDPInvesting in landscape restoration is critical to address the complex nexus of local livelihoods, land degradation, climate change, environmental security and economic growth. A regional program aligned with a shared vision is the most effective approach to making a sustainable difference in the Central Asia region. With border areas representing hotspots for land degradation and poverty, addressing regionality aspects and building resilience to fragility in border regions are crucial. This includes establishing peace parks, undertaking joint dialogue on regional policies, regional knowledge generation and sharing, and supporting youth with access to jobs.The World Bank's flagship $256 million Central Asia Resilient Landscapes Restoration Program RESILAND CA has supported the development of projects in Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. RESILAND CA aims to address land degradation and bolster resilience to climate change in targeted degraded transboundary landscapes across Central Asia by developing analytics, providing advisory services and supporting investment projects to restore the region's degraded landscapes investing in the resilience of ecosystems, infrastructure and people. RESILAND CA takes an integrated approach to sustainable land management, addressing common challenges across various land uses, including restoring degraded forests, pastures and mountain areas prone to mudflows. These actions are pursued through transboundary landscape restoration interventions in fragile border regions and regional policies to govern them.The $6 million RESILAND Kazakhstan, $52 million RESILAND Kyrgyz Republic, $45 million RESILAND Tajikistan and $153 million RESILAND Uzbekistan national projects work toward tangible and sustainable results on the ground especially in border areas as these are most impacted by land degradation, direct benefits to transboundary ecosystem, infrastructure and communities living in the border areas. They serve as effective and replicable models at a global level for addressing national and regional land degradation, building resilience to climate change and improving livelihoods. Specific interventions include:Implementing private sector, community- and farmer-centered landscape restoration using drought-resistant species of trees and shrubsMonitoring climate-change induced hazards and investing in nature-based, green and grey solutions to mitigate impacts of mudflows and floodsPromoting ecotourism and engaging communities in afforestation efforts, rehabilitating degraded natural habitats and protective infrastructureSupporting communities in diversifying economic activities to reduce pressure on pastures and forests.Developing skills with youth and creating jobsIn Turkmenistan, the World Bank is completing "Climate adaptation in Turkmenistan: Landscape restoration opportunities" study to identify hotspots of land degradation and declining productivity along with adaptation opportunities where landscape restoration can best reverse these trends under changing climate conditions. Calling for increased financing for landscape adaptation and restoration initiatives, the study confirms that it costs less to fund land restoration interventions rather than deal with the economic costs of inaction.Recognizing that nature, landscapes and ecosystems know no borders, RESILAND CA fosters regional collaboration across Central Asia's shared borders and ecosystems. This contributes to improved connectivity of natural resources and increased greenhouse gas mitigation and greater resilience to impacts of climate change. The program also contributes to establishing jointly managed transboundary protected areas and peace parks to preserve biodiversity across transboundary corridors and strengthen regional collaboration on landscape restoration.As part of the UNCCD Peace Forest Initiative PFI, RESILAND CA unites Central Asian countries and communities across national borders to restore degraded landscapes and ecosystems and to manage forests, lands, soil and water. Through strengthened transboundary cooperation in restoring landscapes and building climate resilience as a cornerstone of food, water and energy security, RESILAND CA aims to reduce fragility of border areas and improve livelihoods of border communities RESILAND CA supports technical assistance, funded by GEF, Korea-World Bank Group Partnership Facility and PROGREEN and an investment program that national governments implement with low-interest financing from the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA) and recipient executed trust funds. Participating countries also support complementary regional activities to advance dialogue, knowledge generation and sharing and collaboration among Central Asian countries.The Peace Forest Initiative is a global flagship programme of the UNCCD, highlighting the nexus between land, peace and security Sustainable Development Goals 15 and 16. PFI brings together stakeholders and partners to catalyze transboundary cooperation on ecosystem restoration with a view to building confidence and peace. It unites communities across national borders to jointly manage their land resources and ecosystems for a peaceful future. PFI has been launched in 2019 with the support of Parties to the UNCCD to assist countries affected by fragility or conflict through cooperation with their neighbors to rehabilitate and restore degraded lands, soil, water, forests and other ecosystems.
Ibrahim Thiaw, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, discusses the environmental disaster that has occurred at the Aral Sea.
As the UNCCD high-level meeting in Central Asia draws near, we welcome you to this discussion on why global and regional gatherings are an essential part of the UNCCD process. The twenty-first session of the Committee for the Review of the Implementation of the Convention (CRIC 21) in Samarkand is set to serve as a vital marker in the Convention’s ongoing efforts to accelerate progress on land restoration and drought resilience. By bringing together experts, leaders and delegates from 196 nations and the European Union, the meeting sets a major arena for the exchange of cutting-edge insights. This pooling of global expertise not only fosters productive solutions but also facilitates joint decision-making, ensuring a coordinated approach to pressing environmental challenges. CRIC21 will focus on strategic objectives ranging from sustainable land management and drought resilience to secure and equal land rights for women. The event will also provide a platform to discuss emergent crises exacerbated by climate change, such as sand and dust storms and wildfires. Taking place at the halfway point between the biannual Confrences of the Parties (COP) to UNCCD, the insights coming out of CRIC21 will aid in defining the next steps for all stakeholders, providing a clear and focused roadmap to UNCCD COP16, scheduled to take place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 2024.
La conferencia de la ONU para abordar la rápida degradación de tierras y el empeoramiento de las sequías tendrá lugar en Samarcanda, Uzbekistán, del 13 al 17 de noviembre de 2023 Bonn/Samarkanda, 13 de septiembre de 2023 - Por primera vez desde su creación, la Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificación (CNULD) convocará una de sus reuniones oficiales en Asia Central. La vigesimoprimera reunión del Comité de Examen de la Aplicación de la Convención (CRIC 21) revelará las últimas tendencias mundiales en materia de degradación de la tierra y sequía, y examinará cómo avanzan los países en la restauración de tierras. El encuentro llega en un momento en el que planeta está experimentando un aumento de los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos: olas de calor e incendios forestales históricos en Europa y Norteamérica, varias estaciones de lluvias fallidas en el Cuerno de África, e inundaciones, monzones y ciclones devastadores en Asia. La degradación del suelo contribuye al cambio climático y a los eventos extremos y, a su vez, se ve agravada por ellos. Ibrahim Thiaw, Secretario Ejecutivo de la CNULD, ha declarado: "Enfrentamos una disyuntiva crucial en nuestros esfuerzos por mantener la vida en la tierra. Las sequías, los incendios forestales y las olas de calor que presenciamos en todo mundo muestran el empeoramiento de las crisis en los sistemas naturales y en el clima; ambas interrelacionadas y marcadas por la degradación de tierras. Desde 2015, se han perdido unos 4 millones de kilómetros cuadrados de tierras sanas y productivas, un área equivalente al tamaño de Asia Central. Urge detener la degradación de tierras y restaurar al menos 1.000 millones de hectáreas para alcanzar los objetivos mundiales sobre tierras para 2030." La reunión se celebrará en el Centro de Congresos Samarkanda de la Ruta de la Seda, en Samarkanda (Uzbekistán), del 13 al 17 de noviembre de 2023. El 15 de noviembre se celebrará un evento de alto nivel sobre las tormentas de arena y polvo, muchas de las cuales se han producido en Uzbekistán y los países y regiones circundantes con una frecuencia y gravedad crecientes en los últimos años. Además, el 14 de noviembre, el Caucus de Género de la CNULD reunirá a expertos internacionales para abordar la cuestión de los derechos de las mujeres a la tierra, un requisito indispensable para recuperar tierras degradadas y a aumentar la resiliencia a la sequía a nivel mundial. Según los últimos datos de la ONU, entre 2015 y 2019, se degradaron por lo menos 100 millones de hectáreas de tierras sanas y productivas cada año, afectando la seguridad alimentaria e hídrica e impactando de forma directa las vidas de 1.300 millones de personas alrededor del mundo. En su conjunto, esta afectación de tierras asciende a 420 millones de hectáreas, o 4,2 millones de kilómetros cuadrados, algo más de la superficie combinada de cinco naciones de Asia Central: Kazajstán, Kirguistán, Tayikistán, Turkmenistán y Uzbekistán. Si se mantienen las tendencias actuales, será necesario restaurar 1.500 millones de hectáreas de aquí a 2030 para conseguir un mundo neutro en cuanto a degradación de la tierra. Sin embargo, si se frena la degradación de tierras y se acelera la implementación de los compromisos para restaurar 1.000 millones de hectáreas, se podría superar dicho objetivo de neutralidad. El CRIC21 examinará los progresos de la Convención en materia de objetivos estratégicos como promover la gestión sostenible de tierras, aumentar de la resiliencia a la sequía, apoyar el liderazgo de las mujeres en el sector de la agricultura sostenible, y luchar contra la migración forzada debida a la degradación de tierras y el cambio climático. El evento reunirá a representantes de 196 países y de la Unión Europea signatarios de la CNULD, así como de la sociedad civil, el mundo académico y organizaciones internacionales. FIN Notas para los editores Se invita a los representantes de los medios de comunicación acreditados a asistir e informar sobre la CRIC21 y los eventos asociados. Inmediatamente antes del CRIC21, se realizarán visitas de terreno en las que los periodistas podrán conocer proyectos de restauración de tierras y resiliencia a la sequía. La inscripción en línea para los representantes de los medios de comunicación está disponible en el siguiente enlace: www.unccd.int/cric-21-online-registration. Para inscribirse, facilite los siguientes documentos: Una fotografía reciente tamaño pasaporte Una tarjeta de prensa válida Una copia (páginas de foto y firma) de su pasaporte (para periodistas extranjeros) o documento nacional de identidad (para solicitantes locales); Una carta de presentación del editor jefe o la empresa que costea su viaje a la sesión. Para los periodistas freelance, se requiere una carta del medio de comunicación asignándole cubrir la conferencia; Un formulario de acreditación debidamente cumplimentado. Los periodistas que se inscriban en línea podrán recoger su acreditación en el Silk Road Samarkand Congress Center previa presentación de un carné de prensa válido y un documento de identidad. Para más información sobre la normativa que regula la solicitud de visados y la introducción de material periodístico en Uzbekistán, consulte el siguiente enlace: https://e-visa.gov.uz/main_. Para cualquier consulta sobre la acreditación de los medios de comunicación o la cobertura del acto, diríjase a: press@unccd.int En la sede de la conferencia habrá un espacio reservado para la prensa y los medios de comunicación. En el sitio web del CRIC 21 del país anfitrión y en el sitio web de la CLD se ofrecerá información adicional y actualizaciones para los medios de comunicación sobre la Convención y el CRIC 21. Acerca de la CNULD La Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificación (CNULD) es la voz de la tierra y la visión global para su futuro. Unimos a gobiernos, científicos, responsables políticos, sector privado y comunidades en torno a una visión compartida y una acción global para restaurar y gestionar las tierras del mundo con vistas a la sostenibilidad de la humanidad y del planeta. Mucho más que un tratado internacional firmado por 197 partes, la CNULD es un compromiso multilateral para mitigar los impactos actuales de la degradación de la tierra y avanzar en la gestión de la tierra del mañana con el fin de proporcionar alimentos, agua, vivienda y oportunidades económicas a todas las personas de una manera equitativa e inclusiva.
В ноябре 2023 года встреча Комитета по рассмотрению осуществления Конвенции ООН по борьбе с опустыниванием и засухой (КРОК КБО ООН) впервые пройдет в одной из стран Центральной Азии. Мы приглашаем русскоязычных журналистов, в особенности из стран подверженных негативном последствиям засухи, опустынивания, пыльных и песчаных бурь, принять участие в освещении работы 21-ой сессии КРОК. Центрально-азиатская встреча станет ключевым моментом для обзора прогресса, достигнутого в регионе по предотвращению и обращению вспять потери продуктивных земель в результате опустынивания, деградации земель и засухи. Представители Сторон КБО ООН соберутся в Самарканде (Узбекистан) с 13 по 17 ноября 2023г., чтобы рассмотреть ход реализации стратегических целей конвенции по устойчивому управлению земельными ресурсами, устойчивости к засухе, борьбе с песчаными и пыльным бурями, поддержке лидерства женщин в устойчивом развитии сельского хозяйства и решение проблем, связанных с вынужденной миграцией. Ожидается, что в мероприятии примут участие представители национальных, региональных и местных органов власти, гражданского общества, научного сообщества, международных организаций и всех видов СМИ. Для освещения работы КРОК в состав пресс-службы при КБО OОН войдут пять русскоязычных журналистов из региона Центральной Азии. Члены пресс-службы примут участие не только в самой конференции, но и предшествующем ей медиа-тренинге. В программу работы пресс-службы войдет ряд специально разработанных мероприятий, включающих информационный семинар по ключевым направлениям работы КБО, экскурсии для ознакомления с успешными проектами по землевосстановлению и засухоустойчивости, а также встречи с региональными экспертами. Срок подачи заявок до 8 октября 2023 г., кандидаты будут выбраны и оповещены к 15 октября 2023 г. Кандидаты должны соответствовать следующим требованиям: быть профессиональным журналистом или представителем ведущего СМИ из региона Центральной Азии профессионально владеть русским языком иметь опыт освещения экологических проблем и четко представлять, какие материалы они могут быть подготовлены во время участия в конференции иметь возможность и желание лично приехать в Узбекистан для участия в конференции КРОК21 и предварительном медиа-тренинге на полный срок проведения этих мероприятий взять на себя обязательство участвовать во всех мероприятиях пресс-службы предоставить письмо поддержки от редактора, продюсера или руководителя СМИ, подтверждающее возможность публикации или трансляции вашего материала в одном из ведущих СМИ фрилансеры могут подавать заявки, но должны предоставить сходное письмо от редакции, обязующейся опубликовать материалы о КРОК Каждый заявитель должен направить следующие документы на электронный адрес press@unccd.int, с пометкой “Russian media fellowship CRIC21” до 8 октября 2023: вступительное письмо с просьбой о финансовой поддержке и указанием того, какие темы будет освещать журналист копия пресс-карты или другого аналогичного официального документа, подтверждающего профессиональный статус копии страниц с фотографией и подписью в паспорте, действительном не менее чем до 31 мая 2024 года разрешение работодателя на участие и освещение заседаний, для штатных сотрудников кандидатам настоятельно рекомендуется представить независимые доказательства наличия вышеуказанных компетенций, например: a) ссылки на опубликованные статьи – чем больше, тем лучше б) рекомендательное письмо от редактора СМИ, в котором соискатель ранее публиковался в) письмо от редакции, обязующейся опубликовать материалы о КРОК г) рекомендательные письма от коллег из ООН, чьи мероприятия они освещали в прошлом В числе покрываемых расходов – невозвратный авиабилет эконом-класса, гостиница, питание и транспортные расходы. Мы также окажем содействие в аккредитации и организации поездки и пребывания. Обращаем ваше внимание на то, что получение необходимых виз является обязанностью самого кандидата, однако соответствующие расходы могут быть компенсированы. Участникам необходимо учитывать, что форс-мажорные обстоятельства, не зависящие от организаторов, могут воспрепятствовать участию отобранных журналистов в конференции.
Land degradation, one of the world’s most pressing environmental problems affects 16.5 percent of the land in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), according to the latest UNCCD baseline assessment; equivalent to one out of every eight acres or hectares of the land in the region. From 6 to 9 December 2022, Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the countries in the region, hosted a workshop to consider actions to take to avoid, reduce and reverse the land degradation, and to increase the area to be restored. Most CEE countries, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, participate in the drought initiative that is helping countries to be better prepared for droughts and have set their targets for restoring degraded lands. However, more restoration commitments above the current 13.5 million hectares, or 5% of the total degraded area, are needed to to reverse the ecosystem degradation and loss forests, croplands, grasslands, and peatlands in the region. The Workshop explored how to restore 350 million hectares of land degraded landscapes. The workshop participants, drawn mostly from countries in Central and Eastern Europe, the UNCCD and agencies that the Global Environment Facility (GEF) finances to help countries to carry out the desired actions discussed a new GEF programming cycle, known as “Healthy planet, healthy soils,” which offers countries the possibility to deliver on their environmental and climate agendas. The Global Environmental Facility (GEF) is a financing instrument of the UNCCD and the largest environmental multi-donor trust fund. It contributes directly to the goals of the Convention through targeted financial and technical support to the countries which seek to meet the objectives of the UNCCD, and other international environmental agreements. Senad Oprašić, Head of Environmental Protection Department at Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which hosted the workshop spoke about the importance of tackling environmental challenges with the help of existing climate financial mechanisms. Bosnia and Herzegovina committed to revitalize 100,000 hectares of abandoned land as a part of its LDN target-setting process, according to the Global Land Outlook’s second edition of the Central and Eastern European Thematic Report. Ms. Nadezda Dementieva and Ms. Munazza Jaleel Naqvi, on behalf of the UNCCD, stressed that investing in land restoration as a win-win solution for the environment, the economy and people to combat desertification, climate change and loss of biodiversity. They encouraged participants to work closely with the Global Mechanism of the UNCCD (GM), which assists countries to mobilize substantial resources to implement agreements under the Convention. The GM helps Parties to translate their voluntary LDN targets and national drought plans into concrete actions on the ground, including developing gender-responsive transformative projects and programmes that generate multiple benefits. The GM also drew attention to upcoming events relevant to the work under consideration, more specifically, the 21st session of the Committee for the Review of the Implementation of the Convention (CRIC21) that will take place in October 2023 in Uzbekistan and the 16th session of the Convention’s Conference of the Parties to be held in 2024 in Saudi Arabia.