This book on desertification at global and regional level is an effort of overcoming the Academic Program of the Autonomous University Metropolitan conducted with the objective of studying this serious problem that affects a large part of the soils in Mexico and the world.Desertification is the result of natural effects of human activity, and is exacerbated by climate change and the environment. The growth of the human population does not respect the ecological functions, especially in open systems. These conditions have caused the decline in the production capacity of the soil and desertification acceleration and advancement. In Mexico the consequences are reflected in low levels of production system which is not attended by the leaders of the political fix and policies to improve the field, which has been long abandoned. The food independence of the country is at risk, every time.