Drought Resilience, Adaptation and Management Policy Framework: Supporting Technical Guidelines
Publication year
Resource type
UNCCD Library
Material Type
ebook
These technical guidelines review and present technical information for implementing the three key pillars of drought risk reduction policy and management plans. The guidelines also provide support for the 10-step process of drought management planning and implementation, especially step 5 (World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and Global Water Partnership (GWP) 2014).
Meteorological drought is a precipitation deficiency, possibly combined with increased potential evapotranspiration, extending over a large area and spanning an extensive period of time.
Hydrological drought is a lack of water in the hydrological system, manifesting itself in abnormally low streamflow in rivers and abnormally low levels in lakes, reservoirs and groundwater.
Agricultural drought is a deficit of soil moisture (mostly in the root zone) that reduces the supply of moisture to vegetation and often leads to crop failure.
Socio-economic drought occurs when the demand for economic goods exceeds supply because of a weatherrelated shortages in water supply
The DRAMP Framework outlines many actions for managing and adapting to drought. Some actions proposed by DRAMP cannot be designed and implemented in the short term and/or it is not possible to design technical approaches and guidelines to support their implementation. For example, some of the actions proposed under the Transformation goal of the DRAMP Framework are long-term, high-level actions that challenge long-established cultural and political norms – such as removing perverse incentives, establishing procedures for whole-of-government coordination and strategic approaches to drought, and recognizing the full value of water, land and ecosystems.
The material in the technical guidelines is derived from assessments of risk and vulnerability methods, and monitoring and forecasting tools including data used to trigger drought management responses such as precipitation, streamflow, groundwater, reservoir levels and soil moisture.
The document also provides an inventory of the key indicators used to monitor and forecast drought onset, duration, end, severity and impacts. A large body of scientific literature and the key drought policy documents (UNCCD et al. 2013, Tsegai et al. 2015, UNISDR 2015, Tadesse 2016, Windhoek Declaration 2016) were consulted to ensure that these technical guidelines contain the latest advances in science and policy.
Meteorological drought is a precipitation deficiency, possibly combined with increased potential evapotranspiration, extending over a large area and spanning an extensive period of time.
Hydrological drought is a lack of water in the hydrological system, manifesting itself in abnormally low streamflow in rivers and abnormally low levels in lakes, reservoirs and groundwater.
Agricultural drought is a deficit of soil moisture (mostly in the root zone) that reduces the supply of moisture to vegetation and often leads to crop failure.
Socio-economic drought occurs when the demand for economic goods exceeds supply because of a weatherrelated shortages in water supply
The DRAMP Framework outlines many actions for managing and adapting to drought. Some actions proposed by DRAMP cannot be designed and implemented in the short term and/or it is not possible to design technical approaches and guidelines to support their implementation. For example, some of the actions proposed under the Transformation goal of the DRAMP Framework are long-term, high-level actions that challenge long-established cultural and political norms – such as removing perverse incentives, establishing procedures for whole-of-government coordination and strategic approaches to drought, and recognizing the full value of water, land and ecosystems.
The material in the technical guidelines is derived from assessments of risk and vulnerability methods, and monitoring and forecasting tools including data used to trigger drought management responses such as precipitation, streamflow, groundwater, reservoir levels and soil moisture.
The document also provides an inventory of the key indicators used to monitor and forecast drought onset, duration, end, severity and impacts. A large body of scientific literature and the key drought policy documents (UNCCD et al. 2013, Tsegai et al. 2015, UNISDR 2015, Tadesse 2016, Windhoek Declaration 2016) were consulted to ensure that these technical guidelines contain the latest advances in science and policy.
Keywords
drought risk reduction
drought monitoring
drought preparedness
drought policy
drought indicators