The objective of this paper is to examine the interrelationships and links between population activities (mainly in agriculture and forestry) and environmental degradation in the Sudan, and their impact on the population at large and on women in particular. Most studies made in the area suggest that these activities and the environment are not in harmony. Despite its diversity and high potential, the environment in the Sudan is not sustaining the needs of a growing population and intensifying socio-economic activities. This is because of a high rate of population growth, a high trend of spatial concentration, excessive migration and misuse of resources. The result is a rapid degradation of the natural resource
base, recent spread of famines, malnutrition, degraded health conditions, and disturbance of social and health conditions. It is important to throw light on these issues to promote awareness of the need for a comprehensive population environment policy that takes into account the impact of this environmental degradation on the population and the measures that can be taken to combat this threat.