As for the report’s new Human Development Index (HDI), Sub-Saharan Africa continues to rank among the lowest, but 12 countries have individual HDI levels that put them in the high or medium human development group, and they are: Botswana, Cabo Verde, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Mauritius, Namibia, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, and Zambia.
The Index is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable and have a decent standard of living.
The countries with the steepest drops in HDI rank in 2014 were reported as Libya, which slipped 27 places and Syria, which slipped 15 places.
The top five countries in rank order of HDI are: Norway, Australia, Switzerland, Denmark and Netherlands, with no changes from 2014.
The bottom five countries in rank order of HDI are: Niger, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Chad, and Burundi.

In many developing countries migration from rural areas to cities is driven at least partly by natural disasters (such as floods) and increasing land degradation and desertification that make agriculture difficult (“push factors”), see table 12 for the %Population living on degraded land: Percentage of the population living on severely or very severely degraded land. Land degradation estimates consider biomass, soil health, water quantity and biodiversity read the report

Human Development Reports 1990–2014
1990 Concept and Measurement of Human Development
1991 Financing Human Development
1992 Global Dimensions of Human Development
1993 People’s Participation
1994 New Dimensions of Human Security
1995 Gender and Human Development
1996 Economic Growth and Human Development
1997 Human Development to Eradicate Poverty
1998 Consumption for Human Development
1999 Globalization with a Human Face
2000 Human Rights and Human Development
2001 Making New Technologies Work for Human Development
2002 Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World
2003 Millennium Development Goals: A Compact among Nations to End Human Poverty
2004 Cultural Liberty in Today’s Diverse World
2005 International Cooperation at a Crossroads: Aid, Trade and Security in an Unequal World
2006 Beyond Scarcity: Power, Poverty and the Global Water Crisis
2007/2008 Fighting Climate Change: Human Solidarity in a Divided World
2009 Overcoming Barriers: Human Mobility and Development
2010 The Real Wealth of Nations: Pathways to Human Development
2011 Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All
2013 The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World
2014 Sustaining Human Progress: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience