Positioning land tenure within LDN: framework, implementation model and monitoring. In order to position tenure rights within the LDN approach, this article first proposes how land tenure, viewed as sets of tools, can be specifically integrated into the LDN framework (Figure 1), implementation model (Figure 2), and monitoring approach (Figure 3).

These three figures build upon the schematics established by UNCCD for LDN (UNCCD, 2016a; 2014; 2013b) and used subsequently in examinations regarding how LDN intersects with the variety of topics noted above. The land tenure additions to these schematics in Figures 1 - 3 are made by the present ar-ticle with regard to how they contribute to the avoidance of land degradation, and for the recovery of degraded areas – the two overarching priorities for LDN.

While certainly the relationships between land tenure and LDN, and between land tenure security and land degradation are quite complex, the point of the paper is to examine broadly how land tenure concepts, tools, and approaches can be inserted into the LDN framework, as opposed to attempting an exhaustive review of all the possible complexities.