Despite continuous positive economic growth at an average of 5% per year, Africa needs accelerated economic development if it is to cope with the increasing demands for food, water and energy challenged by a rapidly growing population, rapid urbanisation and climate change. The pressure on African countries to boost productivity and accelerate growth is now higher than ever, and is being further complicated by the potential adverse impacts of climate change and extreme weather events.


By the year 2050 the impacts of climate change and extreme weather events, such as the current El Niño, could increase hunger and child malnutrition by as much as 20%, reversing the gains achieved through the Millennium Development Goal process and jeopardising the success of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Agriculture is the backbone of African economies, accounting for as much as 40% of total export earnings and employing 60 – 90% of Africa’s labour force. More than half of households’ income originates in the agriculture sector. Agriculture will continue to be a priority for Africa, alongside efforts towards industrialisation.

Using the targets set out in the Malabo Declaration African governments now need to unlock the continent’s agriculture sector in a way that captures the synergies between climate adaptation and mitigation and identifies and reduces the inevitable trade-offs. A sustainable agriculture sector has the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security, poverty reduction and sustained economic growth, in a way that preserves the natural resource base on which it depends.

Since January 2017, the Malabo Montpellier Panel has published three reports. Nourished: How Africa Can Build a Future Free from Hunger and Malnutrition (September 2017); Mechanized: Transforming Africa’s agriculture value chains (July 2018); and Water-Wise: Smart Irrigation Strategies for Africa (December 2018). The thematic areas covered under these reports tie in closely with the AfDB’s Hi 5 Agenda.