Today, more than ever, we must work with nature, instead of against it. Demand for water is set to increase in
all sectors. The challenge we must all face is meeting this demand in a way that does not exacerbate negative impacts on ecosystems.

The stakes are high. Current trends suggest that around two thirds of forests and wetlands have been lost or
degraded since the beginning of the 20th century. Soil is eroding and deteriorating in quality. Since the 1990s,
water pollution has worsened in almost all rivers in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

These trends pose broader challenges from the increased risk of floods and droughts, which, in turn, has an
impact on our ability to adapt to climate change. We know also that water scarcity can lead to civil unrest,
mass migration, and even to conflict within and between countries.

Goal 6 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognises the importance of ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation. Nature-based solutions are essential to meet this goal.

Their impact can be significant: from the small-scale water harvesting structures in Rajasthan, India that
brought water back to 1,000 drought-stricken villages, to the revival of traditional ‘hima’ land management
practices in Jordan’s Zarqa River basin that yield higher quality spring water by not over-exploiting the soil.
These solutions can also contribute to other aspects of sustainable development: from ensuring food security
and reducing disaster risk to building sustainable urban settlements and boosting decent work. Ensuring the
sustainable use of the planet’s resources is vital for ensuring long-term peace and prosperity.

This World Water Development Report does not argue that nature-based solutions are a panacea, but our
conclusion is clear -- they are one of many important tools to shift to a more holistic approach to water
management.