All publications and documents

Bioenergy when managed sustainably and efficiently can be a source of energy to reduce energy access problems. When bioenergy feedstock is produced based on the principles of sustainable production intensification and energy efficiency improvements are made by applying agro-ecological practices and locally adapted technologies, both rural and urban communities are likely to benefit from increased…

The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012—Central Framework (SEEA Central Framework) is a statistical framework consisting of a comprehensive set of tables and accounts, which guides the compilation of consistent and comparable statistics and indicators for policymaking, analysis and research. In response to the policy demands from the World Commission on Environment and…

Increasing demand for food, fiber and fodder will put great strains on land, water, energy and other resources. The expected increase in agricultural production will bear heavily on greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Agricultural commodity markets may also change: the price spikes of 2008 and 2011 are a reminder of how sensitive agricultural commodity markets can be. This paper…

Climate change and variability is a major challenge facing smallholder farmers and adaptation is now a priority in many countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Farmers, livestock keepers, and fisher-folk living in fragile environments such as drylands and mountain areas are directly exposed to the risks associated with climate change. This is particularly true in regions that already suffer from soil…

This guide seeks to explain the treatment of land use under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, including requirements for reporting GHG emissions and removals, accounting under the Kyoto Protocol, and guidance for REDD+. The objective of this Guide is to increase the technical understanding of the treatment of land use under the United Nations Framework…

Agriculture contributes substantially to global climate change. The sector accounts for roughly a fifth of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when one considers the full life cycle of production including agriculture’s role in deforestation. This is a massive number, comparable in scale to the transportation sector. Further, this ratio can be even higher in developing countries…