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Runoff and soil erosion were measured in a two-phase experiment for seven consecutive years from 1979 through 1986 on a 44·3 watershed comprising 12 sub-watersheds of 2–4 ha each. These experiments were conducted at Ibadan, Nigeria, which is characterized by two growing seasons per year. The first season lasts from mid-March through mid-July, and the second season from mid-August to early…

Temporal changes in soil chemical and nutritional properties were evaluated in a long-term experiment conducted on Alfisols in West Africa. Effects of land use and cropping duration on soil chemical properties at 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm depths were evaluated for five treatments: (1) alley cropping with Leucaena leucocephala established on the contour at 4-m intervals; (2) mucuna (Mucuna utilis)…

Assessments of the effects of deforestation, post-clearance tillage methods and farming systems treatments on soil properties were made from 1978 through 1987 on agricultural watersheds near Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. These experiments were conducted in two phases: Phase I from 1978 through 1981 and Phase II from 1983 to 1987, with 1 year (1982) as a transition phase when all plots were sown…

The carbon sink capacity of the world's agricultural and degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42 to 78 gigatons of carbon. The rate of soil organic carbon sequestration with adoption of recommended technologies depends on soil texture and structure, rainfall, temperature, farming system, and soil management. Strategies to increase the soil carbon pool include soil…

Soil carbon (C) is a dynamic and integral part of the global C cycle. It has been a source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) since the dawn of settled agriculture, depleting more than 320 billion metric tons (Pg) from the terrestrial pool, 78±12 Pg of which comes from soil. In comparison, approximately 292 Pg C have been emitted through fossil-fuel combustion since about 1750. However,…

Floods are common in Bangladesh, where floodplains constitute about four-fifths of the landmass. The floodplains are formed by sedimentary deposits that are carried by three of the largest rivers of the world, viz., the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna (GBM) and their numerous tributaries and distributaries. The country is situated at the end of the catchment area of the GBM river…