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蒙古将主办下一届联合国可持续土地管理会议 

2025 年 2 月 21 日,波恩--蒙古政府与《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)签署了一项协议,为 2026 年在乌兰巴托召开公约缔约方大会第十七届会议(COP17)铺平了道路。 COP17将把《防治荒漠化公约》的197个缔约方聚集在这个重要的全球论坛上,加快防治荒漠化、土地退化和干旱的行动。作为受荒漠化影响最严重的国家之一,蒙古有近 77% 的土地退化,蒙古将利用第十七届缔约方会议,推动世界各地的土地恢复、可持续土地管理和抗灾能力建设解决方案。 在波恩举行的签字仪式上,蒙古国环境与气候变化部部长奥东图雅-萨尔丹阁下说:"蒙古致力于防治荒漠化和恢复退化土地。通过种植'十亿棵树'运动等举措,我们正在采取果断措施保护我们的环境,确保子孙后代有一个可持续的未来。 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》执行秘书易卜拉欣·蒂奥说:"解决荒漠化和干旱问题的紧迫性怎么强调都不为过。在蒙古举行的第十七届缔约方会议将借助利雅得第十六届缔约方会议的势头,加强全球承诺,强化金融机制,促进跨部门伙伴关系。 根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的数据,全球多达 40% 的土地已经退化,影响到近一半的人口,威胁到气候稳定、生物多样性和生计。解决土地退化问题对于粮食安全、水供应和抵御气候变化至关重要。 COP17将于 2026 年联合国大会宣布并由蒙古倡导的 "国际牧场和牧民年"(IYRP)期间举行,届时将进一步努力促进牧场的可持续管理、恢复和保护。  这些广阔的牧场生态系统对经济、粮食安全、生物多样性和气候适应能力至关重要,然而,50%以上的牧场正面临着严重的退化威胁。牧场不仅为小农牧民、农民和土著社区提供了生计支持,还在稳定土壤、调节水循环、维持生物多样性和储存碳等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。加强牧场管理对于全球约5亿牧民的经济福祉至关重要,因此,COP17的议题与土著人民和当地社区的生存与发展息息相关。 中亚和蒙古 60% 的土地被用作牧场,养活着该地区近三分之一的人口,因此可持续土地管理是国家的当务之急。尽管牧场很有价值,但与森林和湿地相比,牧场历来受到的关注和资金投入较少。COP17和国际马铃薯年将为推进可持续土地管理和加强全球对牧场恢复的承诺提供一个重要平台。 在为期两周的会议期间,将举行高级别会议、专题对话和论坛,包括性别问题核心小组和首次举行的土著人民核心小组会议。此外,"青年论坛 "和 "企业为土地服务论坛 "将吸引青年和私营部门参与可持续土地管理解决方案。 在蒙古举行的第十七届缔约方会议将成为应对气候挑战的全球平台,重点关注荒漠化、干旱和可再生能源转型。加强国际合作将是推动气候投资、创造绿色就业机会和促进可持续发展的关键。蒙古面临着严重的环境威胁,包括土壤退化、沙尘暴和荒漠化,因此环境保护和绿色增长成为国家的优先事项。  根据 "土地退化零增长"(LDN)目标,蒙古旨在减少毁林和森林退化,到 2030 年将森林覆盖率保持在总面积的 9%,促进可持续草原管理以阻止进一步退化,提高农业产量,并确保到 2030 年湿地无净损失。 在 2024 年 12 月于沙特阿拉伯利雅得举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方会议第十六届会议所取得进展的基础上,各国将努力最终确定一个全面的全球干旱制度,以加强对日益增加的干旱风险的防备和抵御能力。 如需了解更多信息,请联系 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》新闻办公室,press@unccd.int   https://www.unccd.int/, @unccd 关于《联合国防治防治荒漠化公约》 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)是一项关于良好土地管理的国际协定。它通过确保土地使用者享有可持续土地管理的有利环境,帮助人民、社区和国家创造财富、发展经济,并确保充足的粮食、清洁水和能源。通过伙伴关系,《公约》的 197 个缔约方建立了健全的系统,以便及时有效地管理干旱。以健全的政策和科学为基础的良好土地管理有助于整合和加快实现可持续发展目标,增强抵御气候变化的能力,并防止生物多样性丧失。  https://unccd.int  关于国际牧场和牧民年  在蒙古的倡议下,联合国大会将2026年定为 "国际牧场和牧民年"(IYRP 2026),以加强牧场管理,改善牧民生活。这一宣言呼吁联合国会员国投资于可持续牧场管理,恢复退化的土地,改善牧民的市场准入,加强畜牧业推广服务,填补牧场和牧业方面的知识空白。2026 年国际马铃薯年将与蒙古主办的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十七届缔约方会议同期举行。  https://iyrp.info   

蒙古将主办下一届联合国可持续土地管理会议 
UNCCD highlights ecosystem restoration at MSC2025

Munich, Germany, 16 February, 2025 – As global leaders convene at the Munich Security Conference 2025 (MSC2025) to address pressing security challenges, land restoration is emerging as a crucial strategy for conflict prevention and long-term stability. At the MSC 2025 session Conversation on Land Restoration and Security, hosted by UNCCD in partnership with Adelphi research, experts and decision-makers explored the role of land restoration in fostering resilience, security and transboundary cooperation.  UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw said: “Land degradation is not merely an environmental crisis — it is a critical security challenge. Over 3 billion people depend on land for survival, yet up to 40 per cent of global land is already degraded, exacerbating food and water scarcity, economic instability and displacement. Governments, security organizations and financial institutions must recognize that restoring land is restoring peace. Without urgent action, competition over shrinking resources will continue to drive instability and displacement.” The significance of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification today extends far beyond its original goal of combating desertification. As fertile soils become increasingly scarce and land rights are challenged globally, these issues threaten food security, biodiversity and climate stability, said Jochen Flasbarth, the State Secretary in the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), adding that “Ultimately, they pose a serious risk to global peace and security. To effectively respond, the agenda on land, peace and security must be elevated on the global stage, with a strong emphasis on integrated cooperation at international, regional and national levels."Land degradation: A global security threat As climate change accelerates desertification and depletes essential resources, competition over dwindling land intensifies, increasing the risks of conflict and forced migration. It is estimated that climate change could lead millions of people moving within their own borders by 2050. The Ground for Peace report highlights: Land degradation exacerbates conflict, intensifying competition over food, water and resources60 per cent of ecosystem services in conflict-affected regions have already been degraded, making recovery even more challengingOnly 10 per cent of global climate finance (2015-2024) has been allocated to land restoration, despite its role in reducing conflict risksThe economic cost of land degradation is estimated at $6.3 trillion annually, significantly impacting global stabilityEnvironmental peacebuilding initiatives, such as transboundary land restoration, create shared incentives for cooperation and long-term stabilityStrengthened governance and land tenure rights are essential to ensuring that land restoration contributes to lasting peace and resilience“The Ground for Peace report presents compelling evidence from global research and real-world initiatives that restoring land and ecosystems is not just an environmental necessity — it is a strategic pathway to peace and security,” says Dr Beatrice Mosello, Senior Advisor at adelphi research. “By demonstrating how sustainable land management reduces competition over resources and fosters cooperation, the report makes a strong case for integrating land restoration into global security policies. Urgent action is needed to scale up financing and policy support, ensuring that land restoration becomes a key tool for peacebuilding worldwide.” The role of land restoration in global security Transboundary land restoration presents a critical opportunity for mitigating and resolving disputes over shared natural resources. By fostering cross-border collaboration, sustainable land management can serve as a confidence-building measure, equipping governments and marginalized communities with the tools needed for cooperative decision-making. One such initiative is the Peace Forest Initiative (PFI), launched by the UNCCD in partnership with the Korea Forest Service. The PFI promotes cross-border cooperation in fragile and conflict-affected regions by restoring degraded lands and forests, reducing tensions and fostering trust through shared environmental efforts. Successful large-scale restoration projects further demonstrate the potential of land rehabilitation to strengthen regional cooperation and economic resilience. The Great Green Wall, which stretches across the Sahel, has shown how combating desertification can also enhance stability and livelihoods. Similarly, the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA) — one of the world's largest conservation zones — exemplifies how joint resource management can protect biodiversity while easing tensions over land and water access across Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. In Latin America, the Cordillera del Cóndor Transboundary Conservation Corridor, established as part of a peace agreement between Ecuador and Peru, underscores the role of environmental restoration in reconciliation and long-term stability. However, the success of these initiatives depends on strong governance frameworks and sustained financial commitments to ensure their long-term viability and impact.  Saudi Arabia’s Foreign Affairs Minister of State Adel bin Ahmed Al-Jubeir emphasized the far-reaching consequences of land degradation, stating: “Land degradation leads to conflicts, leads to violence, leads to extremism, leads to terrorism, leads to migration, leads to political instability and leads to all of us paying an extremely high price to deal with the consequences of an issue that, had we paid attention to at the outset, would have cost us a fraction of the resources.” The Ground for Peace report calls for immediate investments in land restoration as a fundamental pillar of conflict prevention and peacebuilding. Scalable solutions—such as agroforestry, reforestation and water conservation—must be expanded to stabilize fragile regions, reduce resource-driven conflicts and foster economic resilience. Media contact: press@unccd.int The full report, Ground for Peace: Land Restoration for International Peace and Security report is available here.About UNCCD  The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is an international agreement on good land stewardship. It helps people, communities and countries create wealth, grow economies and secure enough food, clean water and energy by ensuring land users an enabling environment for sustainable land management. Through partnerships, the Convention’s 197 Parties set up robust systems to manage drought promptly and effectively. Good land stewardship based on sound policy and science helps integrate and accelerate achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, builds resilience to climate change and prevents biodiversity loss. About adelphiAdelphi research is an independent think tank and public policy consultancy focused on climate, environment and sustainable development. It supports policymakers and stakeholders in achieving sustainable solutions to global challenges. About the Peace Forest Initiative The Peace Forest Initiative (PFI) is a UNCCD flagship program linking land, peace and security by restoring ecosystems in fragile, conflict-affected areas. Launched in 2019, it fosters transboundary cooperation by uniting communities across borders to co-manage shared land resources. Inspired by early environmental peace-building successes at the 2018 Global LDN Forum, PFI provides an inclusive platform for stakeholders to restore land, soil, water and forests, strengthening resilience, peace and sustainable development. You can watch the recording here.Photo (c): MSC / Thomas Niedermueller

UNCCD highlights ecosystem restoration at MSC2025
United Nations conference in Riyadh charts a path for global action on land, drought

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 14 December — After two weeks of intense negotiations on how to tackle land degradation, desertification and drought, the largest and most inclusive United Nations land conference wrapped up in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.The nearly 200 countries convening at the 16th Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) committed to prioritize land restoration and drought resilience in national policies and international cooperation as an essential strategy for food security and climate adaptation. Nations also made significant progress in laying the groundwork for  a future global drought regime, which they intend to complete at COP17 in Mongolia in 2026. In the meanwhile, more than USD 12 billion were pledged to tackle desertification, land degradation and drought around the world, especially in the most vulnerable countries.Among the main agreements reached at COP16 were the creation of a Caucus for Indigenous Peoples and a Caucus for Local Communities to ensure that their unique perspectives and challenges are adequately represented; a continuation of the Convention’s Science-Policy Interface to strengthen science-based decision-making, and the mobilization of private sector engagement under the Business4Land initiative.COP16 was the largest and most inclusive UNCCD COP to date: it attracted more than 20,000 participants, around 3,500 of them from civil society, and featured more than 600 events as part of the first Action Agenda to involve non-state actors in the work of the Convention.In a prepared statement, United Nations Deputy Secretary-General Amina J. Mohammed emphasized “Our work does not end with the closing of COP16. We must continue to tackle the climate crisis—it is a call to action for all of us to embrace inclusivity, innovation, and resilience. Youth and Indigenous peoples must be at the heart of these conversations. Their wisdom, their voices, and their creativity are indispensable as we craft a sustainable future with renewed hope for generations to come.”In his closing remarks, COP16 President, Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Environment, Water and Agriculture Abdulrahman Alfadley, said the meeting marked a turning point in raising international awareness of the pressing need to accelerate land restoration and drought resilience.“The Kingdom’s hosting of this important conference reflects its ongoing commitment to environmental issues and sustainable development. It reaffirms its dedication to working with all parties to preserve ecosystems, enhance international cooperation to combat desertification and land degradation, and address drought. We hope the outcomes of this session will lead to a significant shift that strengthens efforts to preserve land, reduce its degradation, build capacities to address drought, and contribute to the wellbeing of communities around the world.”Addressing COP16 closing plenary, Under-Secretary-General and UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw stated: “As we have discussed and witnessed, the solutions are within our grasp. The actions we took today will shape not only the future of our planet but also the lives, livelihoods, and opportunities of those who depend on it.”He further emphasized a significant shift in the global approach to land and drought issues, highlighting the interconnected challenges with broader global issues such as climate change, biodiversity loss, food security, forced migration, and global stability.Financial needs and pledgesDuring the Conference, participants heard that UNCCD estimates that at least USD 2.6 trillion in total investments are needed by 2030 to restore more than one billion hectares of degraded land and build resilience to drought. This equals USD 1 billion in daily investments between now and 2030 to meet global land restoration targets and combat desertification and drought.New pledges for large-scale land restoration and drought preparedness were announced, such as the  Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Partnership which attracted USD 12.15 billion to support 80 of the world’s most vulnerable countries in building their resilience to drought, including a USD 10 billion pledge from the Arab Coordination Group.The Great Green Wall (GGW), an African-led initiative to restore 100 million hectares of degraded land, also mobilized EUR 11 million from the Italian Government for landscape restoration in the Sahel and EUR 3.6 million from the Austrian Government to strengthen the coordination and implementation of the initiative across 22 African countries. The drive is part of the GGW Accelerator, a UNCCD-supported effort to achieve the ambitions for a greener, more prosperous Sahel.Additionally, the United States and several partner countries and organizations announced total investments of nearly USD 70 million to advance the Vision for Adapted Crops and Soils (VACS). The initiative looks to build resilient food systems grounded in diverse, nutritious, and climate-adapted crops grown in healthy soils.The first-ever UNCCD COP in the Middle East and North Africa provided an opportunity to shine a light on the specific challenges facing the region and bring to the fore innovative solutions to land degradation and drought.The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia announced five new projects valued at USD 60 million to ramp up climate and environmental efforts as part of the Saudi Green Initiative. The UNCCD COP16 Presidency also announced the launch of an international sand and dust storm monitoring initiative. This effort, part of a regional early warning system, aims to complement existing efforts overseen by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).The International Drought Resilience Observatory (IDRO), the first global AI-driven platform to help countries assess, and enhance, their capacity to cope with harsher droughts. This innovative tool is an initiative of the International Drought Resilience Alliance (IDRA), which Saudi Arabia joined earlier this year. Greater voice for Indigenous Peoples and other non-state actorsIn a landmark decision, Parties requested the creation of a Caucus for Indigenous Peoples and a Caucus for Local Communities. The objective is to ensure that their unique perspectives and priorities are adequately represented in the work of the Convention. The declaration ‘Sacred Lands’, presented during the inaugural Indigenous Peoples’ Forum at a UNCCD COP, underscored the role of Indigenous Peoples in sustainable resource management and called for greater involvement in global land and drought governance, including through participation in land restoration efforts.“Today, history has been made”, said Indigenous People representative Oliver Tester from Australia. “We look forward to championing our commitment to protect Mother Earth through a dedicated Caucus, and leave this space trusting that our voices be heard.”COP16 also saw the biggest youth participation to date, building on the UNCCD Youth Engagement Strategy and Action Plan, that seeks to give youth a more prominent role in land and drought negotiations and  action, and provide technical and financial support for youth-led initiatives.On the gender front, countries underscored the need to pay special attention to all forms of discrimination faced by women and girls when designing and implementing policy and programmes related to land degradation and drought.In recognition of the important role of the  private sector, which currently contributes only 6% of financing towards land restoration and drought resilience, Parties have mandated the UNCCD Secretariat and the Global Mechanism to mobilize private sector engagement under the Business4Land initiative. The decision emphasizes the critical role of private sector advocacy, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) strategies, and sustainable finance in addressing DLDD challenges. The decision comes after the Business4Land Forum, which brought together the largest-ever number of private sector participants at a UNCCD COP — more than 400— from industries like finance, fashion, agri-food, and pharmaceuticals.Stronger science on land and droughtAcknowledging the role of science as the foundation for sound policies, the Parties agreed on the continuation of UNCCD’s Science-Policy Interface (SPI), which was created at COP11 in 2013 to translate scientific findings into recommendations for decision-makers. At COP16, for instance, the SPI presented definitive evidence that three quarters of the Earth’s ice-free surface have become permanently drier in the past 30 years, with a predicted five billion people living in drylands by 2100, showing the urgency to take action.A new UNCCD report, The Global Threat of Drying Lands: Regional and global aridity trends and future projections, revealed that some 77.6% of Earth’s land has experienced drier conditions since the 1990s compared to the previous 30-year period. Over the same period, drylands — an arid area with low rainfall— expanded by about 4.3 million km2 equal to an area nearly a third larger than India, the world’s 7th largest country. Drylands now cover 40.6% of all land on Earth excluding Antarctica.Seven of nine planetary boundaries are negatively impacted by unsustainable land use, highlighted the UNCCD report Stepping back from the precipice: Transforming land management to stay within planetary boundaries, produced in collaboration with the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, which explains how land degradation is undermining Earth’s capacity to sustain a growing human population. The report reiterates that agriculture accounts for 23% of greenhouse gas emissions, 80% of deforestation, and 70% of freshwater use, and calls for an urgent land use transition to step away from the precipice.According to UNCCD’s newly released World Drought Atlas and Economics of Drought Resilience reports, droughts affect the livelihoods of 1.8 billion people worldwide, pushing already vulnerable communities to the brink. They also cost an estimated USD 300 billion per year, threatening key economic sectors such as agriculture, energy and water.From Riyadh to MongoliaFor the first time, UNCCD Parties made a decision encouraging the sustainable management, restoration and conservation of rangelands — vast ecosystems used for grazing — ahead of COP17, to be hosted by Mongolia in 2026 during the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists. These ecosystems cover half of the Earth’s terrestrial surface and are the dominant land use in the world’s drylands, but have long been overlooked and are disappearing faster than rainforests.The degradation of rangelands threatens one-sixth of global food supplies, potentially depleting one-third of the Earth's carbon reserves. Some two billion people who live in pastoral areas are among the world’s most vulnerable in the face of desertification, land degradation and drought.ENDNOTESMedia inquiries:For media enquiries, please contact the UNCCD Press Office at press@unccd.int or unccd@portland-communications.comCOP16 decisions are available here: https://www.unccd.int/cop16/official-documentsAbout UNCCDThe United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is an international agreement on good land stewardship. It helps people, communities and countries create wealth, grow economies and secure enough food, clean water and energy by ensuring land users an enabling environment for sustainable land management. Through partnerships, the Convention’s 197 Parties set up robust systems to manage drought promptly and effectively. Good land stewardship based on sound policy and science helps integrate and accelerate achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, builds resilience to climate change and prevents biodiversity loss.About COP16The Conference of the Parties (COP) was established by the Convention as its main decision-making body. It is made up of UNCCD’s 197 Parties (196 countries and the European Union) and is responsible for guiding the Convention so that it can respond to global challenges and national needs.  UNCCD COP16 will be a landmark event to raise global ambition and accelerate action on land and drought resilience through a people-centred approach. Coinciding with the Convention’s 30th anniversary, UNCCD COP16 was the first major UN conference hosted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It was also the first time a UNCCD COP was held in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, which knows firsthand the impacts of desertification, land degradation and drought.

United Nations conference in Riyadh charts a path for global action on land, drought
在过去三十年里,地球上 四分之三的土地永久性变干:联合国

干燥:重新定义地球生命的“生存危机”到2100年,50亿人可能受到影响 沙特阿拉伯,利雅得 – 联合国科学家今天在一份严峻的新分析报告中警告说,尽管与水有关的重大灾害,如洪水和风暴在世界某些地区愈演愈烈,但近几十年来,地球上超过四分之三的土地永久性变干。根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约(UNCCD)》的里程碑式报告,与此前30年相比,在2020年之前的30年里,约77.6%的地球土地遭遇了更干燥的条件。在同一时期,旱地扩大了约430万平方公里(面积比世界第七大国家印度还大近三分之一),现在覆盖了地球上所有陆地(不包括南极洲)的40.6%。近几十年来,全球约7.6%的土地(面积比加拿大还大)跨越了干燥阈值(即从非旱地变为旱地,或从干燥程度较低的旱地变为干燥程度较高的旱地)。这些地区中的大多数已经从湿润地貌转变为旱地,对农业、生态系统和生活在那里的人们产生了严重的影响。 该研究警告称,如果世界不能遏制温室气体排放,到本世纪末,世界还将有3%的湿润地区变成旱地。 在温室气体高排放情景下,预计美国中西部、墨西哥中部、委内瑞拉北部、巴西东北部、阿根廷东南部、整个地中海地区、黑海沿岸、非洲南部大部分地区和澳大利亚南部的旱地将扩大。这份题为《土地干旱的全球威胁:区域和全球干燥趋势与未来预测》的报告发布于在沙特阿拉伯利雅得举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》近200个缔约方第16次缔约方大会(COP16),本次会议是迄今为止规模最大的联合国土地会议,也是首次在受干旱影响严重的中东地区举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方会议。“该分析最终消除了长期以来围绕全球干旱趋势的不确定性。”《联合国防治荒漠化公约》执行秘书易卜拉欣·蒂奥说,“这是干燥危机第一次被科学清晰地记录下来,揭示了影响全球数十亿人的生存威胁。” “与干旱(短暂的低降雨期)不同,干燥代表着一种永久的无情转变。”他补充说,“干旱会结束。然而,当一个地区的气候变得更干燥时,恢复到先前条件的能力就丧失了。现在影响全球大片土地的干燥气候不会恢复到以前的样子,这种变化正在重新定义地球上的生命。”联合国评估土地退化和干旱科学的机构《联合国防治荒漠化公约》科学政策界面(SPI)的这份报告指出,人类造成的气候变化是这种转变的主要驱动因素。来自发电、运输、工业和土地利用的温室气体排放变化使地球变暖,其他人类活动使地球变暖并影响降雨、蒸发和植物生命,创造了加剧干燥的条件。全球干燥指数(AI)数据跟踪这些条件,揭示几十年来的广泛变化。 干旱化热点受干旱趋势影响特别严重的地区包括几乎整个欧洲(其土地的95.9%)、美国西部部分地区、巴西、亚洲部分地区(尤其是东亚)和非洲中部。●      美国西部部分地区和巴西:明显的干旱趋势,缺水和野火成为长期危害。●      地中海和南欧:这些地区曾经被认为是农业的粮仓,但随着半干旱条件的扩大,这些地区将面临严峻的未来。●      非洲中部和亚洲部分地区:生物多样性丰富的地区正在经历生态系统退化和荒漠化,危及无数物种。相比之下,地球上不到四分之一的土地(22.4%)经历了湿润条件,美国中部地区、安哥拉大西洋沿岸和东南亚部分地区的湿度有所增加。然而,总体趋势是明确的:旱地正在扩大,推动生态系统和社会遭受干燥带来的危及生命的影响。该报告指出,南苏丹和坦桑尼亚是土地向旱地转化比例最大的国家,中国是从非旱地向旱地转变总面积最大的国家。对于生活在不断扩大的旱地上的23亿人(远超世界人口的25%)来说,这种新常态需要持久的、适应性的解决方案。与干燥有关的土地退化,即沙漠化,对人类福祉和生态稳定构成严重威胁。 该报告对最坏情况的预测表明,随着地球持续变暖,到本世纪末,多达50亿人将生活在旱地,他们将面临土壤贫脊、水资源减少、曾经繁荣的生态系统减少或崩溃的问题。被迫迁徙是干燥最明显的后果之一。随着土地变得不适合居住,面临水资源短缺和农业崩溃的家庭和整个社区往往别无选择,只能放弃家园,从而导致全球范围内的社会和政治挑战。从中东到非洲和南亚,数以百万计的人已经在迁徙,这一趋势将在未来几十年加剧。干燥的破坏性影响报告称,干燥加剧的影响是层叠的、多方面的,几乎触及生活和社会的方方面面。报告警告说,到本世纪末,全球五分之一的土地可能因干燥加剧而经历突然的生态系统转变,造成巨大的变化(如森林变成草原和其他变化),并导致世界上众多动物、植物和其他生命的灭绝。• 干燥被认为是世界上农业系统退化的最大单一驱动因素,影响着地球上40%的可耕地• 1990年至2015年间,干燥加剧导致非洲国家的国内生产总值(GDP)降了12%•如果温室气体排放继续小幅上升,预计到本世纪末,地球上超过三分之二的土地(不包括格陵兰岛和南极洲)的储水量将减少• 干燥被认为是世界上土地退化的五个最重要原因之一(另外几个是土地侵蚀、盐碱化、有机碳损失和植被退化)。• 中东地区干燥加剧与该地区更频繁、规模更大的沙尘暴有关• 在气候变化的未来,预计日益严重的干燥将在规模更大、强度更大的野火中发挥作用,尤其是因为它对半干旱森林中树木死亡的影响以及由此产生的可用于燃烧的干燥生物质的增加• 干燥加剧对贫穷、缺水、土地退化和粮食生产不足的影响与全球特别是儿童和妇女的发病率和死亡率上升有关• 干燥加剧和干旱在全球范围内不断增加的人类迁移中发挥了关键作用,特别是在南欧、中东、北非和南亚的极度干燥和干燥地区。 该报告标志着一个转折点报告指出,多年来,记录干燥的增加被证明是一项挑战。其长期性以及降雨、蒸发和植物蒸腾等因素的复杂相互作用使分析变得困难。早期的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果,往往被科学谨慎所混淆。这份新报告标志着一个转折点,利用先进的气候模型和标准化的方法,对全球干旱趋势进行了明确的评估,确认了干燥不可避免的上升,同时对其潜在驱动因素和潜在的未来轨迹提供了重要资讯。建议该报告为解决干燥问题提供了一个全面的路线图,强调减缓和适应。其建议包括:●      加强干燥监测将干燥指标纳入现有的干旱监测系统。这种方法能够及早发现变化,有助于在情况恶化之前指导干预措施。诸如新的干燥可视化信息工具这样的平台为政策制定者和研究人员提供了有价值的数据,可以实现早期预警和及时干预。标准化评估可以加强全球合作,为地方适应战略提供信息。 ●      改善土地使用做法鼓励可持续土地利用系统可以减轻干燥加剧的影响,特别是在脆弱地区。创新、全面、可持续的土地管理方法是另一份新的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》科学政策界面报告《可持续土地利用系统:集体实现土地退化零增长的途径》的重点,该报告可在/resources/reports/sustainable-land-use-systems-path-forward-collectively-achieve-land-degradation获取。它考虑了一个地方的土地利用如何影响其他地方的其他人,将应对气候变化或其他冲击的韧性作为优先事项,鼓励土著和地方社区以及各级政府的参与和支持。像“绿色长城”这样的项目(一个横跨非洲的土地恢复计划)展示了开展大规模综合工作以对抗干燥和恢复生态系统,同时创造就业和稳定经济的潜力。 ●      投资于用水效率雨水收集、滴灌和废水回收等技术为干旱地区管理稀缺水资源提供了切实可行的解决方案。 ●      在脆弱社区建立韧性地方知识、能力建设、社会正义和整体思维对韧性至关重要。可持续土地利用系统鼓励决策者实施负责任的治理,保护人权(包括有保障的土地使用权),并确保问责制和透明度。能力建设方案、财政支持、教育方案、气候信息服务和社区驱动举措使受干燥影响最严重的人能够适应不断变化的条件。农民转向种植抗旱作物,牧民采用更耐旱的牲畜,都是渐进适应的例子。 ●      发展国际框架与合作《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的土地退化零增长框架提供了一个使国家政策与国际目标保持一致的模式,确保对危机采取统一的应对措施。国家适应计划必须将干燥与干旱规划结合起来,以制定应对水和土地管理挑战的有凝聚力的战略。在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》等框架的推动下,全球层面的跨部门合作对于扩大解决方案的规模至关重要。 评论“几十年来,全球科学家一直表示,我们不断增长的温室气体排放是全球变暖的原因。现在,一个联合国科学机构首次警告说,燃烧化石燃料也正在世界大部分地区造成永久性干旱,潜在的灾难性影响可能会影响到水资源的获取,这可能会将人类和自然推向灾难性的临界点。随着世界上大片土地变得越来越干旱,不作为的后果变得越来越可怕,适应不再是可有可无,而是势在必行。”●      《联合国防治荒漠化公约》首席科学家Barron Orr“如果没有协调一致的努力,数十亿人将面临饥饿、流离失所和经济衰退的未来。然而,通过采用创新的解决办法和促进全球团结,人类可以奋起迎接这一挑战。问题不在于我们是否有应对的工具,而在于我们是否有行动的意愿。”●      Nichole Barger,《联合国防治荒漠化公约》科学政策界面主席“该报告的清晰性为政策制定者敲响了警钟:解决干燥问题不仅需要科学,还需要多种视角和知识体系。通过将土著和当地知识与前沿数据相结合,我们可以制定更强大、更明智的战略,以减缓干燥的进展,减轻其影响,并在干旱的世界中繁荣发展。”●      Sergio Vicente-Serrano,该报告的共同主要作者,西班牙比利牛斯生态研究所干燥问题专家“这份报告强调了解决干燥问题的迫切需要,这是我们这个时代的一个决定性全球挑战。通过整合各种专业知识和利用突破性技术,我们不仅仅是在衡量变化,我们还在制定弹性路线图。应对干燥需要一个协作愿景,将创新、适应性解决方案和为所有人确保可持续未来的承诺结合起来。”●      Narcisa Pricope,共同主要作者,美国密西西比州立大学地球科学教授和研究副校长。“这份报告的及时性怎么强调都不为过。干燥加剧将重塑全球格局,挑战传统的生活方式,迫使社会重新思考与土地和水的关系。与气候变化和生物多样性丧失一样,解决干燥问题需要采取协调一致的国际行动,并坚定不移地致力于可持续发展。”●      Andrea Toreti,共同主要作者,欧盟委员会联合研究中心资深科学家从数字上看: 主要全球趋势/预测77.6%:与前30年相比,1990年至2020年遭受干旱气候的地球土地比例。40.6%:被列为干旱地区的全球陆地面积(不包括南极洲),过去30年为37.5%。430万平方公里:在过去三十年里变成旱地的湿润土地,面积比印度还大三分之一40%:受干燥影响的全球可耕地。干燥是农业退化的主要驱动因素。30.9%:到2020年生活在干旱地区的全球人口,1990年为22.5%23亿:2020年生活在干旱地区的人口,比1990年增加了一倍,在最坏的气候变化情景下,预计到2100年将再增加一倍以上。13.5亿:亚洲的干旱地区居民,占全球总数的一半以上。6.2亿:非洲的干旱地区居民,几乎占非洲大陆人口的一半。9.1%:地球上被划分为极度干旱的土地比例,包括阿塔卡马沙漠(智利)、撒哈拉沙漠(非洲)、纳米布沙漠(非洲)和戈壁沙漠(中国/蒙古)。23%:在最坏的排放情景下,到2100年沙漠化风险为“中等”至“非常高”的全球土地增加率+8% 风险“非常高”。+5% 风险“高”。+10% 风险“中等”。环境退化●      5:土地退化的主要驱动因素:干燥加剧、土地侵蚀、盐碱化、有机碳损失和植被退化●      20%:到2100年,由于干燥加剧而面临生态系统突变风险的全球土地●      55%:因干燥而面临栖息地丧失风险的物种(哺乳动物、爬行动物、鱼类、两栖动物和鸟类)。热点:(干燥地区):非洲西部、澳大利亚西部、伊比利亚半岛;(湿润地区):墨西哥南部,亚马逊雨林北部经济●      12%:1990-2015年干燥导致的非洲GDP下降●      16%/6.7%:在中等排放情景下,到2079年非洲/亚洲预计GDP损失●      2000万吨玉米、2100万吨小麦、1900万吨稻米:由于干燥加剧,到2040年全球农作物产量预计损失●      50%:在高排放情景下,到2050年肯尼亚玉米产量预计下降水 ●      90%:干旱地区蒸发回大气的降雨,剩下的10%用于植物生长●      67%:即使在中等排放情景下,到2100年全球土地储水量预计减少●      75%:自20世纪50年代以来,中东和北非地区可用水量下降●      40%:在高排放情景下,到2100年安第斯山脉预计径流减少,威胁南美洲的供水健康●      55%:在中等排放情景下,由于干燥和气候变暖的共同影响,撒哈拉以南非洲地区严重儿童发育迟缓的情况增加●      高达12.5%:2013-2018年,中国沙尘暴造成的死亡风险预计上升●      57%/38%:在最坏的气候情景下,到2100年美国西南部大气细尘和粗尘水平分别增加●      220%:在高排放情景下,到2100年,美国西南部因空气尘埃导致的过早死亡预计增加●      160%:同一地区与空气中灰尘有关的住院人数预计增加野火和森林●      74%:在高排放情景下,到2100年加州野火燃烧面积预计增加●      40:与20世纪后期相比,到2100年希腊每年火灾危险天数增加给编辑的说明:干燥与干旱高度干燥地区是指持续的长期气候条件缺乏支持大多数生命形式的可用水分,大气蒸发需求量大大超过降雨量的地区。 而干旱则是一种影响生态系统和人类的异常短期缺水期,通常由于降水少、温度高、空气湿度低和/或风异常造成。 干旱是自然气候变化的一部分,几乎在任何气候型中都可能发生,而干燥是一种稳定的条件,在强大驱动作用下,其变化在极长时间尺度上发生。  禁止报道期:格林威治时间2024年12月9日星期一上午8点媒体联系人:press@unccd.intFragkiska Megaloudi,+30 6945547877(WhatsApp), fmegaloudi@unccd.int   Gloria Pallares,+34 606 93 1460, gpallares@unccd.int Terry Collins,+1-416-878-8712, tc@tca.tc作者和其他专家可以提前采访。  供媒体预览的完整报告《土地干旱的全球威胁:区域和全球干燥趋势与未来预测》可在此处获取:https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CsAn3qO5iD0E3F3eg6OSm84ddxK-C9Tv/view?usp=sharing 

在过去三十年里,地球上  四分之三的土地永久性变干:联合国
Sport4Land champions unveiled at UN land conference in Riyadh

High-profile athletes Naomi Akakpo, Asmaa Niang, Jitske Visser and Franck Kessié unite in support of healthy land and drought resilience at UNCCD COP16Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 7 December 2024 – The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) today unveiled its first-ever Sport4Land Champions at COP16, the largest United Nations land conference in the Middle East region to date. Launched at the Paris Olympics earlier this year, the Sport4Land campaign aims to leverage the universal appeal of sports to avert the global land crisis, marked by the loss of a staggering four football fields of productive land every second. The four Sport4Land Champions will join UNCCD, one of the three Rio Conventions alongside climate and biodiversity, in the urgent mission to restore degraded land and build resilience to drought, and to inspire communities worldwide to take collective action.Naomi Akakpo, Olympic hurdler from Togo emphasized the fundamental connection between land health, food security and human well-being. "Land is more than a resource—it is our foundation," she said. "When we restore degraded land, we restore life and opportunity for countless communities." Inspired by her motto, "Beyond Limits," Naomi’s advocacy embodies bold, innovative actions for land restoration.Asmaa Niang, six-time African judo champion from Morocco, drew parallels between the discipline required in her sport and the strategies needed to combat desertification. "Judo has taught me resilience and strategy," she explained. "These are the same tools we need to fight desertification. It’s not just a fight for land; it’s a fight for every family and community that depends on it." Leveraging her multicultural background and nomadic spirit, Asmaa works with the Yzza Slaoui Foundation to empower rural girls and women in Morocco’s regions most affected by desertification.Paralympic wheelchair basketball gold medalist Jitske Visser from the Netherlands underscored the disproportionate impact of land degradation and drought on marginalized populations. "People with disabilities are often excluded from environmental solutions, even though we’re among the most vulnerable to its effects," she said. "This campaign is about breaking down barriers, ensuring that no one is left behind, and demonstrating that inclusion is essential for success."Footballer Franck Kessié from Côte d’Ivoire, who is currently playing for Saudi Pro League club Al-Ahli, highlighted youth engagement in support of healthy land, noting that “Sport teaches us resilience, teamwork, and the power of unity. These are exactly the values we need to tackle the land crisis.”UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw said: "Congratulations to our new champions leading the fight against desertification, land degradation, drought and food insecurity. Your determination to raise awareness of these critical issues brings hope to countless communities, including youth and those most vulnerable, including people with disabilities."At the announcement event held at COP16, the newly appointed champions shared their personal journeys and reflected on how their sporting careers connect to the global fight against land degradation. According to UNCCD data, 100 million hectares – an area equivalent to the size of Egypt–become degraded every year. The impact jeopardizes the livelihoods of more than one billion young people in developing countries who depend on the land for their survival. Among those affected, people with disabilities–16% of the world's population–face unique challenges, from limited access to resources to exclusion from decision-making and recovery efforts. About Sport4LandSport4Land is a global campaign by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) to unite the sports community in the fight against land degradation, desertification and drought. With climate change accelerating droughts, heatwaves, and land degradation, the impact is being felt not only on playing fields but also on the food we eat, the livelihoods we depend on, and the environment we share.Launched at the Paris Olympics 2024, the campaign engages sportsmen and women and fans worldwide to take action for land restoration. High-profile athletes like Asmaa Niang, Naomi Akakpo, Jitske Visser, and Franck Kessié will champion this initiative to highlight the critical connection between healthy land and thriving communities.

Sport4Land champions unveiled at UN land conference in Riyadh
Private sector urged to step up investment in healthy lands

Largest private sector participation at a UNCCD COP to date builds momentum for sustainable land management UNCCD’s Business4Land (B4L) Initiative releases a guide to help the private sector assess land degradation risks and report on mitigation actions5 December (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) — On Wednesday 4th December, hundreds of private sector representatives from finance, fashion, agri-food to pharmaceuticals, convened in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to discuss their role in ensuring sustainable land, soil and water management. They responded to a call to action launched by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) at the 16th Conference of the Parties.The Business 4 Land Forum brought together high-level decision makers and CEOs from companies that are particularly land-and-water-dependent, including firms in the agrifood, pharma, energy, textiles, ICT, and finance and insurance sectors. Land degradation and drought pose serious risks for businesses and investors, meaning it is in their best interest to mitigate them by contributing to global efforts for healthy lands and drought resilience.The event was part of  Business 4 Land (B4L), an initiative launched by UNCCD earlier this year in Davos with InTent - a platform that can quickly mobilize an influential and diverse group of decision-makers for change - to engage and support private actors in sustainable land management. It is supported by the COP16 Presidency, the World Economic Forum, the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, ChangeNOW, the Sustainable Fibre Alliance, the International Chamber of Commerce, the UN Global Compact, and the Saudi Environment Fund. “COP16 has attracted the largest-ever participation of the private sector to a UNCCD COP to date, providing a critical momentum to make sustainable land management a core part of corporate and financial strategies,” said the Executive Secretary of UNCCD Ibrahim Thiaw. “Shifting towards nature-positive operations, supply chains, and investments, is not only about environmental sustainability, but about the long-term profitability and resilience of businesses.”The B4L Forum brought together 60 high-level speakers and 400 guests; among them, more than 40 corporations that recognize the urgent need to address land degradation and drought, and acknowledge their responsibility in ensuring the sustainable management of natural resources as a business and social imperative.  B4L’s call to action urges companies to contribute to one or more of the Business 4 Land (B4L) initiative's pillars: promoting sustainable practices across business operations; supporting finance solutions; and advocating for better land and water management policies. “$44 trillion, over half of global GDP, is at risk from nature loss. It is imperative for business to explore innovations that can halt and reverse land degradation while unlocking opportunities for business growth,” said Gim Huay Neo, Managing Director at 1T.org, World Economic Forum. “Through collaboration with governments and other stakeholders, business can accelerate progress on land restoration for a more resilient future for all.”André Hoffmann, member of the high-level advisory committee of COP16 and founder of InTent and Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors said: "The private sector, which can play vital role in the sustainable transition we urgently need, must see nature not as a resource to exploit but as our life-support system. The B4L Forum was an opportunity to forge new coalitions to restore land and build resilience. By shifting from extraction to collaboration, we can drive investments in nature-based solutions that secure human prosperity and planetary health."The forum highlighted the need to align business, policies, and finance to protect land as a critical asset. Participants discussed how to account for the corporate impacts on land, how to mitigate the risks of land degradation - for example, by setting measurable targets both in direct operations and across supply chains - and by reporting on progress.New guidance for the private sectorThe Business 4 Land initiative launched a guide to help corporate actors navigate land-related disclosures and target-setting and align their strategies with national policies and global goals for a fair land transition. "Corporate disclosures are essential for land-positive businesses. Today, many companies still lack a clear understanding of their land-related impacts and dependencies, leaving them vulnerable to significant risks”, said Razan Al Mubarak, Co-Chair of the Taskforce for Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) and President of IUCN. The report, ‘Corporate Disclosures and Target-Setting on Land Guide’, was developed together with the (TNFD) and the Science Based Targets Network (SBTN), in consultation with actors like the WEF and the COP16 Presidency.  The costs of land degradation and drought are steep. For example, U.S. farmers may face short-term costs of up to USD 40 per acre for regenerative agriculture practices, but long-term profits can increase by up to 120%. B4L's guide supports companies in harnessing these opportunities.“In a context of rising nature risks, businesses have a key role to plan in taking action for land and reversing the trend of degradation, water scarcity and biodiversity loss impacting our societies and economies, across value chains and industries,” concluded a member of the Executive Committee of the World Economic Forum Nicole Schwab.***COMMENTSPhilippe Zaouati, CEO of the MIROVA sustainable investment fund, said: “Companies stand to gain significantly by transforming their value chains to incorporate sustainable practices, not only to reduce their impact on nature but also to seize the economic opportunities that arise. Mobilizing funding for land restoration requires a concerted effort by the public and private sectors. By working together, we can create an enabling environment for restoration, which is essential to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality by 2050 and a sustainable future.”Henri Bruxelles, CSO of Danone, said: “The livelihoods of more than 2.5 billion people, many of them smallholder farmers, depend on agriculture, which is both a significant contributor to climate change and one of the most impacted by its impacts. Collaborating across sectors of society is vital to address the intertwined climate and water challenges; guarantee food security and nutrition; and secure the livelihoods of the communities that feed the world; and build a sustainable food system.”Erin Billman, Co-lead of SBTN’s Land Hub & Executive Director of the Science Based Targets Network: “Connecting corporate actions and their science-based targets to party commitments under the UN conventions is an important lever in delivering the promise of global targets.”Maryanne Gichanga, CEO of AgriTech Analytics Ltd, who won a USD 50,000 grant provided by InTent as part of the Land of Opportunities Pitch Competition on 4 December at COP16: “Having our start up, AgriTech Analytics being spotlighted in such a global stage during Land Day has been such an incredible opportunity, spearheading collaborations and partnerships. Receiving the generous prize of 50k USD the Land of Opportunities Pitch competition will enable us to scale and help more farmers in the farming communities in Kenya. We are very grateful for UNCCD for inviting us to join COP16 and for the pitch competition partners for their contributions.”NOTES Media enquiries: Please contact contact UNCCD Press Office at press@unccd.int  or unccd@portland-communications.comSocial media: @UNCCD #COP16Riyadh #UNited4Land #Business4LandAbout UNCCDThe United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is the only legally binding international agreement on good land stewardship. It supports communities and countries in creating wealth and securing nutritious food, clean water and energy through sustainable land management. Through partnerships, the Convention’s 197 parties also set up robust systems to proactively manage drought risks. Good land stewardship based on sound policy and science helps integrate and accelerate achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, builds resilience to climate change, and prevents biodiversity loss.About Bussiness 4 Land (B4L)B4L is the UNCCD’s main initiative to engage the private sector in sustainable land and water management. It helps companies and financial institutions manage risks and seize opportunities tied to land degradation and drought. B4L aims to restore 1.5 billion hectares of land by 2030, contributing to Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), a global commitment to achieve net zero land degradation by 2030, as well as enhancing drought resilience.

Private sector urged to step up investment in healthy lands
联合国:投资土地健康,规避人为干旱造成的数十亿美元损失

 新报告称,土地和水可持续管理带来显著抗旱效益 沙特阿拉伯利雅得 —— 根据今天在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)第十六届缔约方会议(COP16)上发布的一份新报告,因人类破坏环境而加剧的干旱预计到2050年将影响四分之三的人口。全球干旱的经济损失已超过每年3070亿美元,而投资于可持续的土地和水资源管理对减少这些损失至关重要。该报告基于来自世界各地(如智利、印度、约旦、肯尼亚、西班牙和突尼斯)的丰富证据和案例研究,论证了基于自然的解决方案在应对干旱方面的经济与商业价值。这些解决方案旨在恢复生态系统功能和土壤健康,从而改善水流动性、储存能力和供应水平,支持人类福祉。例如,包括植树造林、放牧管理以及流域的管理、修复与保护等实践措施。题为《干旱经济学:投资基于自然的解决方案以增强干旱韧性——前瞻行动的价值》这份报告由多方联合撰写,包括土地退化经济学倡议(ELD)、联合国大学水、环境与健康研究所(UNU-INWEH)、联合国防治荒漠化公约(UNCCD),并由德国联邦经济合作与发展部、国际干旱韧性联盟(IDRA)以及欧盟提供资金支持。“可持续地管理我们的土地和水资源对于释放经济增长潜力以及为陷入全球干旱循环的社区建立韧性至关重要,”联合国防治荒漠化公约副执行秘书安德烈娅·梅扎(Andrea Meza)表示。“在缔约方会议(COP)关于干旱的重要决策谈判进行之际,报告呼吁世界领导人深刻认识到干旱所带来的巨大且可规避的损失,并采取主动,利用基于自然的解决方案,在地球限度内实现人类发展目标。”城市化、森林砍伐、地表水和地下水过度开采以及气候变化正在改变土地覆盖状况并耗尽淡水储备。这意味着干旱不仅仅是降雨不足的结果,还与我们如何对待土地和水资源密切相关。因此,通过制定适当的政策、激励措施以及对自然资本的投资,可以有效管理水资源短缺以及干旱和洪水的周期性风险。报告强调,干旱及相关灾害的长期经济损失被大大低估。特别是因为干旱对能源、健康以及更广泛经济领域的连锁效应,导致损失在国内外范围内迅速上升。各国在其国家干旱及相关计划中提出的措施实施损失,仅占每年因干旱所造成损失的一小部分。基于自然的解决方案的“三重红利”尊重自然系统的经济模式,每年可创造高达10.1万亿美元的商业价值,并在2030年前创造多达3.95亿个就业岗位。到2030年,如果对基于自然的解决方案投资增加三倍,还可额外创造2000万个就业机会。“主动的干旱管理是生态和社会的必要之举,同时也是一个重大的经济机遇,”德国联邦经济合作与发展部(BMZ)议会秘书尼尔斯·安嫩(Niels Annen)表示。“每投资1美元于基于自然的解决方案,不仅能够减轻干旱的影响,还可带来高达27美元的收益,包括提高农民收入、增强价值链韧性以及降低长期经济损失。我们必须紧急行动,重新审视土地的价值,并重新学习如何可持续地管理土地。”基于自然的干旱解决方案带来“三重红利”:减少干旱带来的损失与破坏;提高土地和水资源使用者的收入;为气候、自然和更广泛的可持续发展创造协同效益。其中大多数红利——如粮食和水安全——即使在没有干旱发生的情况下也能实现,这意味着基于自然的解决方案是一种“无憾选择”。报告建议该报告提出了一系列建议,以实现景观尺度上的可持续土地和水管理潜力。例如:将基于自然的解决方案纳入国家干旱管理计划;确保土地所有权和水权;加强地方治理,这是推动实际变革的关键。干旱的经济损失远远超出直接的农业损失,其影响波及整个供应链,减少国内生产总值(GDP),危及生计,并导致饥饿、失业、移民以及长期的人类安全挑战。要缓解这些影响,必须有效管理和投资自然资源,”联合国大学水、环境与健康研究所(UNU-INWEH)所长兼报告主要作者之一卡维·马达尼(Kaveh Madani)表示。“这份报告为一个被公共和私人投资者普遍忽视的潜力领域提供了宝贵见解。投资自然资本是与自然和谐发展的同时创造可持续生计和经济繁荣的最有效策略之一,尤其是在全球南方的发展中经济体中,这种投资能够有效缓解干旱和气候变化的影响,”马达尼补充道。在资金方面,报告强调了以下几点:公私合作伙伴关系的潜力;修正补贴的有害用途;收集和监测影响数据在吸引私营部门投资中的作用。最后,报告呼吁采取全社会参与的方式进行主动的干旱管理,要求政府与农民、土地所有者、企业、民间社会和学术界密切合作,共同增强社区、经济和生态系统对干旱的韧性。“不可持续的土地和水资源管理以及其他人为行为正在增加干旱的频率和强度。这些行为必须被预防性和前瞻性的行动所取代,以确保我们的生存。对此类行动的精心规划和及时投资至关重要,”报告指出。 引言政府机构肯尼亚国家干旱管理局(NDMA)干旱协调员亨利·帕科尔瓦(Henry Parkolwa)“基于自然的解决方案是应对荒漠化、土地退化、干旱、生态系统服务和生物多样性丧失危机最有效、最高效的方法,也是为人类创造可持续和公平未来的关键途径。”澳大利亚环境部长塔尼娅·普利伯塞克议员(The Hon. Tanya Plibersek MP)“自然必须被纳入经济和商业决策中。要做出明智的决策,我们需要了解、衡量并报告我们的经济对自然的依赖、我们对自然的影响以及我们的社区和经济所依赖的生态系统服务的价值。”非营利组织大自然保护协会(The Nature Conservancy)首席执行官詹妮弗·莫里斯(Jennifer Morris)“我们为世界各地城市的远见卓识领导者而庆祝,如开普敦和圣保罗,他们以损失效益高的方式采用基于自然的解决方案(NBS)来增强对干旱的韧性,同时带来多重效益。例如,开普敦正在恢复其独特的芬博斯生态系统,创造就业机会,并为供水系统增加相当于两个月的水供应,而损失仅为传统工程解决方案的十分之一。”印度气候合作组织(India Climate Collaborative)首席执行官施洛卡·纳特(Shloka Nath)“投资于土地修复和基于自然的解决方案以应对干旱至关重要。气候危机与生物多样性危机和水危机交织在一起,并加剧了农民面临的社会经济风险。这是一个承认脆弱群体所面临的相互关联的风险,并支持全面、社区驱动解决方案的重要机会。通过这些努力,我们可以集体增强农业韧性,保护水资源,并促进可持续的经济增长。我们呼吁印度及其他地区的利益相关方,包括慈善机构,将这些解决方案作为优先事项,以实现公平、可持续的未来。”企业西班牙Almendrehesa公司首席执行官巴勃罗·加西亚(Pablo García)“干旱是我们区域生产体系以及整个地中海盆地、特别是农业系统面临的最大威胁之一,对雨养作物尤为如此。然而,我认为,像任何挑战一样,它也是一种激励,促使我们采用新的全景观修复方法,以满足欧洲市场和全球对可持续产品日益增长的需求。再生农业是许多公司通过供应链为社会挑战作出贡献的新承诺。”Patagonia公司首席执行官瑞安·盖尔特(Ryan Gellert)“《干旱经济学》报告中提到的‘四重回报框架’是一项基于科学的长期倡议,旨在恢复健康的景观。如果社会各个部门都能够支持和采用这一框架,我们将能够保护对健康地球和繁荣社区至关重要的完整生态系统。”澳大利亚珀斯Dirty Clean Food Pty Ltd公司首席执行官杰伊·奥尔巴尼(Jay Albany)“在西澳大利亚,我们亲历了干旱条件带来的巨大影响。珀斯刚刚经历了有记录以来最热的夏天。澳大利亚西南部——一个拥有全球34个公认生物多样性热点之一的地区,其8000种植物中有一半为特有物种——自1970年以来关键的5月至7月降雨量下降了20%。我们认为,转变农业实践以在土壤中增加有机质以提高水分和养分保持能力,是缓解未来干旱风险的关键。每增加1%的有机质,我们的土壤每公顷可多容纳3万升的水。”***注释发布: 利雅得:利雅得时间 2024 年 12 月 3 日上午 8:45(GMT+3),行动穹顶在线:联合国网络电视  边会活动 "干旱经济学--介绍《联合国防治荒漠化公约》旗舰报告":利雅得:2024 年 12 月 3 日 15:30 时,利雅得(GMT+3),MET-05:275   下载《干旱经济学报告》全文(英文版): https://www.unccd.int/resources/publications/economics-drought-investing-nature-based-solutions-drought-resilience媒体咨询:                                                                                                                    请联系《荒漠化公约》新闻办公室: press@unccd.int社交媒体: @UNCCD@ELD@UNUINWEH #COP16Riyadh    #UNCCDCOP16 #Economics4Land关于《防治荒漠化公约 》《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)是关于良好土地管理的唯一具有法律约束力的国际协定。它支持社区和国家通过可持续土地管理创造财富,确保营养食品、清洁水和能源。通过伙伴关系,《公约》的 197 个缔约方还建立了积极管理干旱风险的强大系统。以健全的政策和科学为基础的良好土地管理有助于整合和加速实现可持续发展目标,增强抵御气候变化的能力,并防止生物多样性的丧失。 关于 ELD:土地退化经济学倡议(ELD)是一项全球性倡议,旨在使土地及其生态系统服务的价值在决策中发挥重要作用,从而为转型变革提供信息、促进和推广土地解决方案。该倡议于2011年由《联合国防治荒漠化公约》、欧盟和德国共同发起,并由德国国际合作机构(GIZ)主持,通过在30多个国家开展40多个案例研究,为更好的土地决策提供信息,并通过众多旗舰报告提高全球意识。通过在科学、政策和实践之间开展工作,ELD 将科学与政策和商业联系起来,旨在支持决策者将现有的土地承诺转化为真正的政策和商业行动。 关于联合国大学水环卫网联合国大学水、环境和卫生研究所(UNU-INWEH)是联合国的学术机构--联合国大学(UNU)的 13 个机构之一。联合国大学水、环境和卫生研究所由加拿大政府主办,重点关注重大的可持续发展挑战,解决全球范围内关键的水、环境和健康问题。通过研究、培训、能力建设和知识传播,联合国大学水环卫网致力于解决联合国及其会员国关注的紧迫的全球性挑战。关于 IDRA 国际抗旱联盟(IDRA)是第一个为抗旱未来创造政治动力并动员财政和技术资源的全球联盟。作为一个由 30 多个国家和 20 个机构组成的不断发展壮大的平台,国际抗旱联盟利用其成员的集体力量,推进抗旱政策、行动和能力建设,同时承认我们的土地对干旱和气候变化的抵御能力有限。国际干旱地区协会的工作符合并支持《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)的任务,该公约是国际干旱地区协会秘书处的所在地。***结束**** 

联合国:投资土地健康,规避人为干旱造成的数十亿美元损失
联合国最新估算:投资健康土地, 全球每年可节省数十亿美元并赚取数万亿美元

从 2025 年到 2030 年,每天需投资 10 亿美元以应对荒漠化、土地退化和干旱,这一投资总额相当于全球每年用于有害环境补贴的资金规模。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》将在利雅得举行的第十六届缔约方会议上发布首次资金需求评估报告。波恩/利雅得 2024年12月3日:《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)的最新报告指出,到2030年,恢复超过10亿公顷退化土地并增强抗旱能力至少需要2.6万亿美元的总投资。今天在沙特阿拉伯利雅得举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十六届缔约方会议(COP16)上发布的《投资土地的未来:资金需求评估》报告呼吁,从现在到 2030 年每天投资 10 亿美元,以实现全球土地恢复目标,并有效防治荒漠化和干旱。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》执行秘书易卜拉欣•赛奥说:"为了保护生命和生计,我们必须大幅增加对土地恢复的投资。这么做将产生的回报,无论从经济还是社会的角度都是不可否认的。每投资 1 美元用于健康土地,就相当于投资 1 美元用于生物多样性、气候适应和粮食安全。好消息是,通过恢复土地健康和建设抗旱能力,全世界每年可以节省数十亿美元,并获得数万亿美元的收益"。世界上多达 40% 的土地退化,影响到 32 亿多人,其中代价最惨重的恰恰是最无力承担的人群,即土著社区、农村家庭、小农户,尤其是青年和妇女。此外,自 2000 年以来,全球干旱发生率上升了 29%,预计到 2050 年,全球每四人中就有三人可能受到干旱影响。然而,尽管危机在不断升级,为实现全球土地恢复和抗旱目标所需的全球投资每年却缩水了 2780 亿美元。主要报告结论资金虽在增加,缺口仍巨大:全球防治荒漠化和土地退化的投资从 2016 年的 370 亿美元增加到 2022 年的660 亿美元。然而,在 2025 年至 2030 年期间,每年需要 3550 亿美元才能弥补资金缺口,这意味着2780 亿美元的资金缺口。 投资远不及损失:荒漠化、土地退化和干旱每年已给全球经济造成 8780 亿美元的损失,远远超过解决这些问题所需的投资。这些成本包括农业生产力和生态系统服务的降低、碳损失的社会成本以及干旱造成的损害。 明智的投资:根据 Earthtrack 的最新报告,从现在到 2030 年,为实现土地和抗旱目标所需的投资总额为2.6 万亿美元,相当于全世界每年浪费在有害环境补贴上的资金。 极高的投资回报率:投资土地恢复可带来显著收益,估计每年可产生 1.8 万亿美元的回报。这意味着每投资 1 美元,就能获得高达 8 美元的社会、环境和经济收益。这包括提高农业生产力、增强对干旱和气候的适应能力以及改善生态系统服务。 释放私人投资:目前,私营部门为土地恢复和抗旱提供的资金仅占必要资金的 6%。公私伙伴关系、混合融资模式和绿色债券是调动资金的关键战略。释放私人投资可加快土地恢复,创造经济机会和环境效益,尤其是在受灾最严重的地区。非洲的迫切需要:非洲面临最大的资金缺口,每年需要 1910 亿美元来恢复6亿公顷退化的土地。这不仅反映了巨大的挑战,也显示了非洲大陆在土地恢复方面全球之首、无与伦比的雄心。每分钟失去超过 100 个足球场的健康土地威胁着人们的生计、粮食和水安全以及公共卫生,并有可能破坏地区经济和全球贸易。不作为将带来惊人代价如果得不到紧急资金支持,土地退化的社会经济影响将进一步恶化,带来不稳定局势并迫使更多人迁移。到 2050 年,一些地区的农作物产量可能会下降高达 50%,导致粮食价格上涨 30%,加剧粮食不安全状况,尤其是在脆弱地区。对于已经在有限资源中挣扎的社区来说,这些压力将加剧贫困,使生计捉襟见肘,并增加资源驱动型冲突的风险。非洲正处在一个关键的十字路口。为可持续未来搭建融资桥梁通过创新金融解决方案来填补每年 2,780 亿美元的资金缺口是可行的。重新利用有害的农业和林业补贴可以为可持续土地管理释放数十亿资金,改变恢复工作。随着私营部门的更多参与,加上公共投资,每年所需的3550亿美元可以更有效地调动起来。非洲面临的缺口最大,可以从这些努力中大大受益。立即承诺恢复6亿公顷的土地至关重要,而可持续性债券等工具则为融资提供了新的机会。利用修复的益处投资土地恢复将带来深远的效益。恢复超过 10 亿公顷土地将显著提升生态系统服务,如碳固存、生物多样性保护和水资源管理,并在减缓气候变化方面发挥关键作用。这些投资带来的经济、社会和环境回报有助于实现主要的可持续发展目标(SDG),包括减贫、零饥饿和气候行动。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》全球机制总裁路易丝-贝克(Louise Baker)说:"这份报告强调了解决土地恢复方面巨大资金缺口的紧迫性。"到2030年实现全球恢复目标需要政府、私营部门和国际组织之间开展前所未有的合作。随着气候变化和土地退化的威胁不断升级,扩大投资至关重要--这不仅是为了实现目标,也是为了确保地球的未来和改善全球数十亿人的福祉。全球机制正在积极支持各国获得各种资金来源,确保可持续土地恢复和复原方面的投资机会不被放过。 结束下载报告全文 《投资于土地的未来》报告全文:报告全文的英文本为:https://www.unccd.int/resources/publications/investing-lands-future-financial-needs-assessment-unccd媒体咨询媒体垂询请联系《联合国防治荒漠化公约》新闻办公室(press@unccd.int)或波特兰通信处(unccd@portland-communications.com)。社交媒体资产可在此处获取。关于《防治荒漠化公约》《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)是一项关于良好土地管理的国际协定。它通过确保土地使用者享有可持续土地管理的有利环境,帮助人民、社区和国家创造财富、发展经济,并确保充足的粮食、清洁水和能源。通过伙伴关系,《公约》的 197 个缔约方建立了强大的系统,以便及时有效地管理干旱。以健全的政策和科学为基础的良好土地管理有助于整合和加快实现可持续发展目标,增强抵御气候变化的能力,并防止生物多样性的丧失。关于全球机制全球机制(GM)于 1994 年根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第 21 条成立,旨在促进筹集资金,防治荒漠化、土地退化和干旱。全球机制提供咨询服务,并与发展中国家、捐助方和私营部门合作,以确保实现《公约》目标所需的资金。关于 COP16 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》设立了缔约方大会 (COP),作为其主要决策机构。它由《公约》的 197 个缔约方(196 个国家和欧洲联盟)组成,负责指导《公约》,使其能够应对全球挑战和国家需求。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十六次缔约方会议将是一场具有里程碑意义的活动,通过以人为本的方法提高全球目标并加速土地和抗旱方面的行动。届时将适逢《公约》30周年。联合国防治荒漠化公约第十六次缔约方会议是首次由沙特阿拉伯王国主办的联合国大型会议。这也将是首次在中东和北非地区举行《防治荒漠化公约》缔约方会议,该地区对荒漠化、土地退化和干旱的影响有切身体会。

联合国最新估算:投资健康土地, 全球每年可节省数十亿美元并赚取数万亿美元
利雅得联合国土地大会 聚焦全球抗旱行动

《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方大会第十六届会议就未来全球抗旱机制展开谈判为利雅得全球抗旱伙伴关系认捐 21.5 亿美元《世界干旱图集》重点介绍全球干旱影响和抗旱解决方案国际抗旱观察站将提供首个全球人工智能驱动的数据平台,以评估全球抗旱能力沙特阿拉伯利雅得,2024 年 12 月 3 日--在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)缔约方大会第 16届会议(COP16)上,197 个缔约方齐聚一堂,共同应对世界上最致命、代价最高的灾害之一。会议于 12 月 2 日(星期一)开幕,并作出了加强全球抗旱能力的重大政治和财政承诺。干旱因气候变化和不可持续的土地耕作方式而加剧,自 2000 年以来,干旱的频率和强度激增了近 30%,威胁着农业、水安全和 18 亿人的生计,最贫穷国家首当其冲。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》执行秘书易卜拉欣-蒂亚乌在开幕致辞中说:"我们齐聚一堂,使缔约方大会第十六届会议成为一个历史性时刻。世界期待缔约方通过一项大胆的决定,帮助扭转干旱这一最普遍、最具破坏性的环境灾难的颓势。联合国常务副秘书长阿明娜·穆罕默德女士(Amina J. Mohammed)在利雅得举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十六届缔约方会议上向与会代表发表视频讲话,强调土地退化和干旱带来的挑战日益严峻:"从未有如此多的人受到土地退化和干旱的影响。目前,40% 的肥沃土地已经退化,造成了可怕的后果:不平等现象加剧,人们忍饥挨饿,流离失所。生计和企业受到威胁,环境遭到破坏,和平、稳定与安全的基础受到动摇。根据目前的趋势,到 2050 年,全世界每四个人中就有三个人会受到干旱的影响。但在利雅得,我们jiang 力挽狂澜"。新当选的 COP16 主席、沙特阿拉伯环境、水和农业部长阿卜杜勒拉赫曼-阿尔法德利也表达了同样的担忧,他指出,退化的土地已经影响到全球 30 亿人,并将 "增加许多社区的移民、稳定和不安全程度"。缔约方大会第十六届会议将重点关注建立首个全球抗旱机制,应对《联合国防治荒漠化公约》多项条款和过去七届缔约方大会决定中强调的系统性干旱风险。  预计各国政府将根据缔约方大会第十五届会议设立的干旱问题政府间工作组的建议,通过谈判作出承诺,加强各级的抗灾能力。利雅得全球抗旱伙伴关系获得 21.5 亿美元的承诺款项沙特阿拉伯王国作为《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方大会第十六届会议(UNCCD COP16)的东道国,今天宣布启动利雅得全球抗旱伙伴关系(Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Partnership),该伙伴关系将利用公共和私人资金,为全球 80 个最脆弱和受干旱影响最严重的国家提供支持。沙特阿拉伯王国(1.5 亿美元)、伊斯兰开发银行(10 亿美元)和欧佩克国际开发基金(10 亿美元)已为利雅得伙伴关系初步认捐 21.5 亿美元。  阿拉伯协调小组由总部设在 5 个国家的 10 个机构组成,预计将在 COP16 第二天宣布其认捐额。"利雅得抗旱伙伴关系将成为抗旱能力的全球促进者,推动从被动救灾向主动备灾转变。我们还寻求扩大全球资源,以拯救世界各地的生命和生计,"沙特阿拉伯环境、水利和农业部环境事务副部长兼《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方会议第十六届会议主席顾问 Osama Faqeeha 博士说。该伙伴关系将通过各国、金融机构和慈善组织等的自愿捐款,努力筹集更多资金。这些资金和实物捐助将帮助最不发达国家和中低收入国家通过优惠贷款、商业贷款、参股、储蓄、保险和其他金融计划等混合融资方式获得更多资金。 西班牙环境国务秘书雨果·莫兰表示:“对于共同担任国际抗旱韧性联盟(IDRA)主席国的西班牙和塞内加尔来说,促进国际合作是一项关键优先事项。我们正努力动员政治力量和资源,以加强全球范围内的抗旱韧性。然而,还有许多工作需要完成。这也是我们欢迎‘利雅得伙伴关系’的原因,它有潜力为抗旱韧性,特别是在最不发达国家和中低收入国家的抗旱工作,动员更多资源。我们期待与沙特阿拉伯及《联合国防治荒漠化公约》秘书处合作,借助IDRA与这一新伙伴关系之间的协同效应。“干旱问题谈判正在进行第16届缔约方大会(COP16)的一个主要议题将是关于未来全球抗旱韧性制度的谈判,这是首个此类全球机制。公约文本的多个条款提及抗旱问题,过去七次《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方大会也通过了与抗旱相关的决定。于2024年9月30日至10月2日在日内瓦举行的“抗旱韧性+10”会议总结指出:“旱灾日益呈现系统性特征,这需要新的方法、政策工具以及沿着主动和综合抗旱管理方向执行国家抗旱计划。预计各国政府在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方会议第十六届会议上的谈判,将在缔约方会议第十五届会议设立的干旱问题政府间工作组提出的政策选择的基础上,做出强有力的承诺,加强社区、国家和国际的复原力,以预测、应对即将发生或正在发生的干旱的影响并从中恢复。 "经过 30 年的审议,包括政府间工作组连续六年的审议,所有的目光都集中在我们身上。压力很大,但我们必须抓住利雅得这一关键时刻。齐心协力,我们就能扭转土地退化的趋势,建设一个抗旱能力更强的世界。“世界干旱图集和国际抗旱观察站在全球干旱危机不断升级的情况下,《联合国防治荒漠化公约》与欧盟委员会联合研究中心(JRC)及其合作伙伴合作,推出了《世界干旱地图集》,利用地图、信息图表和案例研究,展示了干旱对不平等、冲突和公共卫生的连带影响,突出强调了干旱对能源、农业、河流运输和贸易等关键部门的系统性风险。   此外,国际抗旱联盟(IDRA)推出了国际抗旱观察站(IDRO)原型--一个由人工智能驱动的全球平台,旨在为从政策制定者到社区的不同利益相关者提供建设抗旱能力的可行见解。IDRO 的完整版将于 2026 年在蒙古举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十七届缔约方会议上首次亮相,标志着全球向积极主动的干旱管理转变。 耶鲁大学生态系统与建筑中心创始主任安娜-戴森(Anna Dyson)解释说:"尽管全球正在出现大量有关抗旱能力的知识,但这些知识往往比较分散,难以获取。观测站将使人们能够快速获取预测、准备和适应干旱挑战所需的各种专业知识和工具。它将洞察力与强大的分析技术相结合,及时提供可操作的信息,同时解决风险和适应战略方面的关键差距。媒体垂询:媒体垂询,请联系《联合国防治荒漠化公约》新闻办公室:press@unccd.int。关于《联合国防治荒漠化公约》《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)是一项关于良好土地管理的国际协定。它通过确保土地使用者享有可持续土地管理的有利环境,帮助人民、社区和国家创造财富、发展经济,并确保充足的粮食、清洁水和能源。通过伙伴关系,《公约》的 197 个缔约方建立了强大的系统,以便及时有效地管理干旱。以健全的政策和科学为基础的良好土地管理有助于整合和加速实现可持续发展目标,增强抵御气候变化的能力,并防止生物多样性的丧失。关于 COP16 《公约》设立了缔约方大会 (COP),作为其主要决策机构。它由《公约》的 197 个缔约方(196 个国家和欧洲联盟)组成,负责指导《公约》,使其能够应对全球挑战和国家需求。  《公约》第十六届缔约方会议将是一次具有里程碑意义的活动,旨在通过以人为本的方法,提高全球在土地和干旱抗御能力方面的雄心壮志并加快行动。届时将适逢《公约》30 周年。联合国防治荒漠化公约第十六届缔约方会议是首次由沙特阿拉伯王国主办的联合国大型会议。这也将是首次在中东和北非地区举行《公约》缔约方会议,该地区对荒漠化、土地退化和干旱的影响有切身体会。关于 IDRA国际抗旱联盟(IDRA)是第一个为抗旱未来创造政治动力并动员财政和技术资源的全球联盟。作为一个由 70 多个国家和机构组成的不断发展壮大的平台,国际抗旱联盟利用其成员的集体力量,推进抗旱准备方面的政策、行动和能力建设,并承认只有我们的土地才能抵御干旱和气候变化。国际干旱地区协会的工作符合并支持《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)的任务,该公约是国际干旱地区协会秘书处的所在地。更多信息:https://idralliance.global。

利雅得联合国土地大会  聚焦全球抗旱行动
具有里程碑意义的《世界干旱图集》发布 揭示灾害风险的系统性, 凸显制定国家计划和开展国际合作的必要性

作为《荒漠化公约》成员国在利雅得举行的会议上推出了 Atlas、 协商抗旱工作 沙特阿拉伯利雅得--随着全球范围内破纪录的干旱逐渐成为新常态,《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)与欧盟委员会联合研究中心(JRC)联合推出了全球最为全面的干旱风险与解决方案出版物,向全球领导人和公民发出了紧急警示。《世界干旱图集》为专业人士和普通读者呈现了干旱风险的系统性。通过数十张地图、信息图表和案例研究,图集展示了干旱风险如何在能源、农业、河流运输和国际贸易等多个领域相互交织,如何引发连锁反应,推动不平等、冲突的加剧,并威胁到公共健康。该出版物由《联合国防治荒漠化公约》与Cima研究基金会(意大利)、阿姆斯特丹自由大学(荷兰)以及联合国大学环境与人类安全研究所(德国)共同制作。在利雅得召开的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》197个成员国会议期间,成员国们正在商讨如何提高全球应对日益严峻干旱的能力。干旱是全球经济和生命代价都最为高昂的灾害之一,预计到2050年,全球每4个人中就有3人将受到干旱的影响。然而,许多国家和行业仍未通过正确的行动、政策、投资和激励措施为应对干旱做好准备。“《世界干旱图集》向各级政府、商界领袖和政策制定者提出挑战,要求他们从根本上重新思考如何做出决策以及如何管理干旱风险,”《联合国防治荒漠化公约》执行秘书易卜拉欣·赛奥说。“我呼吁所有国家,特别是《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的缔约方,认真对待图集中的调查结果。在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方大会第十六次会议上,缔约方有机会改变历史进程,迈向抵御干旱的未来。让我们抓住这个时刻,因为我们知道《图集》为所有人提供了一条走向更加韧性未来的道路。”《世界干旱图集》强调了制定国家干旱应对计划和加强国际合作的必要性,以便在更严峻的干旱事件面前保持社区、经济和生态系统的稳定。此外,图集还为各个部门和治理层级提供了前瞻性的干旱管理与适应指导。干旱的影响通常不像洪水和地震等突发事件那样明显,因此关注度较低。尤其是在生态系统方面,尽管干旱对经济和社区造成了极大的破坏,但它们往往在国家干旱计划中被忽视。然而,快速发生的干旱(称为“山洪暴发式”干旱)、更强烈的干旱以及更为显著的影响也日益成为常态。图集要点人为干旱的影响《世界干旱图集》揭示了日益严重的干旱风险与人类活动之间的联系,并深入探讨了干旱在供水、农业、水电、内河航运和生态系统这五个关键领域的影响。干旱会减少水力发电,导致能源价格上涨或停电,并可能因水位过低而阻碍内河航运,从而扰乱国际贸易,巴拿马运河的情况就是如此。在自然方面,《图集》指出,虽然干旱对生态系统构成威胁,但生物多样性增加可以减轻干旱的影响,这意味着促进生物多样性对于增强抗旱能力至关重要,反之亦然。粮食、土、水三者的关系是《图集》关注的另一个重点,因为农业用水约占全球淡水用量的70%,也受到干旱的严重影响。该出版物探讨了通过全球供应链到达我们餐桌的农产品如何通过虚拟水转移加剧干旱的影响,并在生产国造成水资源短缺。由于获取水资源和抵御干旱所需资源方面的差异,小规模农户和边缘化群体尤其容易受到伤害。该图集还展示了干旱风险是如何相互关联的,以及为什么其影响会波及各个领域。例如,依赖水力发电的国家在干旱期间可能会面临停电。如果这种情况发生在热浪期间,人们无法使用风扇或空调来降温,可能会导致住院和死亡。近期干旱带来的启示《图集》收录了来自世界各地的21个案例研究,强调任何国家——无论其面积大小、人均国民生产总值高低或纬度如何——均无法幸免于干旱,但都可以更好地应对干旱。例如,该出版物重点介绍了美国大平原、西班牙巴塞罗那市和中国长江流域近期干旱的影响和经验教训,并探讨了干旱对中美洲干旱走廊、印度次大陆和非洲之角的影响。其他案例研究则重点介绍了土著社区在应对干旱方面的特殊需求、资源和观点。自2000年以来,由于气候变化以及土地和水资源不可持续的管理,干旱增加了29%。联合国认为人为干旱是一项全球范围的危机,但指出可以通过正确的行动、政策和投资来应对干旱风险。如何建设抗旱能力该图集描述了管理、减少和适应系统性干旱风险的具体措施和途径;强调了这些行动对不同部门的共同利益;并分享了不同地区的最佳实践。 《图集》中重点介绍的措施分为三类:治理(例如早期预警系统、针对小农户的微型保险、用水定价方案);土地利用管理(例如土地恢复和农林复合经营);供水和用水管理(例如废水再利用、地下水有管理地补给和保护)。正如《图集》所强调的那样,联合国防治荒漠化公约秘书处、其学习和实践社区、国际抗旱联盟(IDRA)、欧盟委员会联合研究中心、该出版物中列出的区域和全球网络以及伙伴机构,以及社区本身,都可以开发并提供必要的知识、工具和支持,将科学转化为政策,将政策转化为抗旱行动。“《图集》是一个强大的新资源,在利雅得举行的《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第16次缔约方会议前夕发布,为推动积极的干旱风险管理提供政治动力。我们已经拥有应对更严峻干旱的知识和工具。现在,采取行动打造有抗旱韧性的未来是我们的集体责任,也是我们最符合利益的选择,”西班牙环境国务秘书总结道,西班牙与塞内加尔共同担任国际抗旱韧性联盟(IDRA)共同主席。***引言:CIMA研究基金会:“《世界干旱图集》汇集了跨学科、跨国界的专家和从业者,创建了一个全面的工具,用于理解和直观展示干旱的多方面影响,同时提出可持续的解决方案。这一合作努力为政治行动提供了范例,强调了集体参与对于建设具有韧性和适应性的社会至关重要。” —— CIMA研究基金会项目主任、图集编纂协调人之一劳罗·罗西(Lauro Rossi)阿姆斯特丹自由大学环境研究所高级干旱研究员: “人类活动正在驱动或加剧干旱及其对社会的影响。图集清楚地展示了这一点,并基于科学文献和全球各地的实例进行了阐释。这也意味着,通过对土地和水资源的管理,我们有能力减少干旱的影响,并提高系统的韧性。” —— 马尔特·温斯(Marthe Wens)联合国大学环境与人类安全研究所所长: “《世界干旱图集》强调了我们在相互联系的世界中重新思考如何感知和应对干旱风险的迫切需要。它挑战我们超越临时性解决方案,想象出系统性和动态性的解决方案,这些方案不仅能全面降低风险,还能优先考虑最脆弱的群体。” —— 沈晓萌(Shen Xiaomeng)西班牙环境国务秘书: “干旱是21世纪面临的最大挑战之一。气候变化和土地与水资源的不可持续管理使得干旱变得更加频繁和严重,影响了社区和生态系统。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约方大会第16次会议是一个独特的机会,可以加强应对干旱的技术、政治和财政条件,而《世界干旱图集》则是支持这些努力的一个关键工具。” —— 雨果·莫兰(Hugo Morán),西班牙环境国务秘书,国际抗旱韧性联盟(IDRA)联合主席注释 信息发布:● 在利雅得:‘关于抗旱韧性的部长级对话:从日内瓦到利雅得及更远,增强全球和国家政策工具,以推进积极的干旱管理方法’。利雅得时间15:00(GMT+3),主委员会会议厅● 在线:联合国网络电视全球干旱图集的英文版将很快在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》官网发布:https://www.unccd.int/resources/publications/world-drought-atlas媒体咨询:press@unccd.int,抄送gpallares@unccd.int 和 terrycollins1@gmail.com社交媒体:@UNCCD#UNCCDCOP16#COP16Riyadh 关于《联合国防治荒漠化公约》《联合国防治荒漠化公约》(UNCCD)是唯一具有法律约束力的国际土地管理协议。它支持各国和社区通过可持续的土地管理创造财富,确保获得营养丰富的食品、清洁水源和能源。通过合作伙伴关系,公约的197个缔约方建立了强有力的系统,以积极主动地管理干旱风险。基于科学和良好政策的土地管理有助于整合并加速实现可持续发展目标,增强应对气候变化的韧性,并防止生物多样性丧失。关于欧盟委员会联合研究中心(JRC)欧盟委员会联合研究中心(JRC)在欧盟政策周期的多个阶段发挥着关键作用,通过提供独立、基于证据的科学和知识,支持欧盟政策对社会产生积极影响。JRC与欧盟委员会的其他部门、欧盟机构和机构密切合作,同时与欧洲及国际上的科学伙伴和政策组织共同开展工作,提供来自广泛科学学科的专家支持和能力。关于CIMA研究基金会CIMA研究基金会是一个国际卓越中心,致力于研究和管理与气象相关的风险。CIMA于2007年在意大利成立,是一个将科学研究、应用技术和能力建设相结合的灾害风险减少组织。CIMA因其在早期预警系统和风险评估方面的创新贡献而广受认可,并与联合国系统、世界银行、欧盟委员会和各国政府等国际组织合作,为非洲、南美、加勒比地区、东南亚和地中海等脆弱地区的项目提供科学和技术支持。通过跨学科的方法,将技术科学与社会科学相结合,CIMA架起了研究与实际应用之间的桥梁,其基于科学的解决方案提供了应对现实世界挑战的循证策略。关于阿姆斯特丹自由大学(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)阿姆斯特丹自由大学(VU)是荷兰一所独特的大学,设有人文、科技、社会科学和医学学院。环境研究所(IVM)是该大学的一部分,成立于1971年,是荷兰历史最悠久的环境研究机构,也是全球可持续发展科学领域的领先研究所之一。IVM处于当前科学和社会辩论的前沿,致力于为建设更加可持续的地球做出贡献。通过多学科、跨学科的解决导向研究,IVM的研究人员旨在理解全球复杂性,并提出前进的道路。IVM研究的重点之一是水文和气候过程及其对社会、经济和环境的风险与机遇的影响。IVM的干旱风险小组正在开发新的方法,并在干旱风险分析和干旱适应方面取得了政策相关的成果。关于联合国大学环境与人类安全研究所(UNU-EHS)联合国大学是联合国的全球智囊团。环境与人类安全研究所(位于德国波恩)专注于通过减少当前和未来的环境危害与气候变化风险,促进人类安全与福祉。其主要研究领域为风险与适应,以及转型。 https://unu.edu/ehs关于国际抗旱韧性联盟(IDRA)国际抗旱韧性联盟(IDRA)是第一个为建设抗旱未来而推动政治动力并动员财政与技术资源的全球联盟。作为一个不断壮大的平台,IDRA目前有30多个国家和20多家机构参与,充分利用成员的集体力量,推动干旱准备政策、行动和能力建设。IDRA的工作与《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的使命一致,并支持该公约的任务,公约秘书处也承担着IDRA秘书处的职能。媒体可通过 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VBI_LlGzt8jhKZSIKO2vjzX9dBIMR-Xh/view?usp=sharing 预览《图集》。部分地图:https://bit.ly/3CK4oz7 

具有里程碑意义的《世界干旱图集》发布 揭示灾害风险的系统性, 凸显制定国家计划和开展国际合作的必要性