The way we use land and water resources to grow, harvest, and process food (collectively referred to as food production) is currently not sustainable and often harmful to human and planetary health. To feed the global population of 9.7 billion projected by 2050 and safeguard nature’s legacy for future generations, a rapid and systemic transition to nature-positive food production is essential. By protecting, managing, and restoring the key components and functions of nature, we can produce healthy and nutritious food in ways that benefit people and contribute to climate stability, without compromising livelihoods and economic security.