The ongoing shift to renewable energy systems is necessary to avoid catastrophic climate change impacts but carries its own complex environmental footprint when it comes to land use. Governments and stakeholders should deploy equitable and context-specific dual-land-use systems to ensure a surge in renewable energy generation not only avoids land degradation, but actually improves land, food security, biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods. The report was prepared by International Institute for Sustainable Development in collaboration with UNCCD and UN University and with funding support from the European Union.