Independent experts nominated by country party

Author/co-author of 100+ peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers in leading international journals including Soil & Tillage Research, Geoderma, Land Use Policy, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Catena, and Eurasian Journal of Soil Science.

1. İsmail Çelik, Ö. Faruk Kahraman, Miraç Kılıç, Hikmet Günal 2026. Predicting Soil Hydraulic Conductivity Using Stacked Deep Neural Networks: Long-Term Tillage Impacts on a Vertisol in the Eastern Mediterranean. Soil& Tillage Research. 255: 106797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2025.106797
2. Miraç Kılıç, Mustafa Öztürk, Hikmet Günal, Yakun Zhang, Mesut Budak. 2026. Soil Organic Carbon to Clay Ratio as a Proxy for Land Degradation: Machine Learning-Based Spatial Prediction in Semi-Arid Agricultural Lands. Journal of Agricultural Science. Published online 2025:1-16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859625100415
3. Hikmet Günal, Amjad. M. Ismael, Miraç Kılıç, Mesut Budak, Kübra Polata, Nurullah Acir. 2026. Data-Scarce Dryland SOC Mapping Using Landsat Spectral Indices and a Hybrid Gradient Boosting Kriging Framework. Eurosian Soil Science. In Press.
4. Miraç Kılıç, Murat Birol, Hikmet Günal, Betül Bayraklı, O. Mete Kılıç, Aqil Tariq. 2025. Maize Cultivation in a Changing Climate: A Land Suitability Assessment Using CMIP6 Data and Machine Learning. Earth Systems and Environment. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-025-00764-2
5. Miraç Kılıç, Hikmet Günal. 2025. The Efficiency of Land Degradation Neutrality Assessment Indicators of United Nation to Identify Land Degradation in a Semi-Arid Environment. Journal Environmental Quality Management. 34:e70024. https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.70024
6. Birol, M., & Günal, H. 2025. Long-Term Effects of Biochar Amendments on Soil Moisture Dynamics and Selected Physical Properties in Clayey Soil of Bafra plain, Turkiye. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 56:16, 2429-2442. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2025.2513632
7. Açar , M.S., Gündoğan , R., Kılıç , M., & Günal , H. 2025. Effects of Forest Fires on Soil Quality. Euroasia Matematik, Mühendislik, Doğa Ve Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi Medical Sciences, 12(3), 656–674. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18151899
8. Yetim , İshak, Gündoğan , R., Kılıç , M., & Günal , H. (2025). Geostatistical Modeling and Mapping of Spatial Variability of Some Soil Properties in Semi-Arid Rangeland Ecosystems. Euroasia Matematik, Mühendislik, Doğa Ve Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi Medical Sciences, 12(3), 642–655. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18151881
9. Mehmet Ali Çullu, Hamdiye Şeker, Gafur Gozukara, Hikmet Günal, Ali Volkan Bilgili. 2024. Rapid characterization of soil horizons for different soil series utilizing Vis-NIR spectral information. Geoderma Regional. 38:e00853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00853
10. Hikmet Gunal, Nurullah Acir. 2024. Spatial Variability of Clay Minerals in a Semi-Arid Region of Turkiye. Regional Geoderma. e00820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2024.e00820
11. Osman Abakay, Miraç Kılıç, Hikmet Günal, Orhan Mete Kılıç. 2024. Tree-Based Algorithms for Spatial Modeling of Soil Particle Distribution in Arid and Semi- Arid Region. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 196(264):264-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12431-6
12. Mesut Budak, Miraç Kılıç, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Mesut Sırrı. 2024. Land suitability assessment for rapeseed potential cultivation in upper Tigris basin of Turkiye comparing fuzzy and boolean logic. Industrial Crops and Products 208, 117806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117806
13. Kılıç Miraç, Gündoğan Recep, Günal Hikmet. 2024. An illustration of a sustainable agricultural land suitability assessment system with a land degradation sensitivity. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25:1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-02951-5
14. Dindaroglu, T., Vermez, Y., Gundogan, R., Yakupoglu, T., Gunal, H., & Akay, A. E. 2024. Importance of geotechnical soil properties for precision Forest activities in a karst area. Acta Ecologica Sinica. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.08.001
15. Merve Durmaz, Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak, İsmail Çelik. 2024. Harran Ovası'nda Tarla Ölçeğinde Toprak Fiziksel Özelliklerinin Mekânsal Değişkenliği. MAS Journal of Applied Sciences. 9:2, 241-264. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11632418
16. Murat Birol, Hikmet Günal. 2024. Response of β-glucosidase enzyme activity of soil to biochar applications in a crop rotation at Blacksea agroecosystem. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science. In Press. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1497455
17. Abakay, O., Günal, H. 2023. Comparison of Local Polynomial Interpolation and Experimental Bayesian Kriging Methods in Determining the Spatial Distributions of Some Soil Properties in the Ergani Plain. MAS Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(4), 654-668. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8396228 (in Turkish with English Abstract)
18. Budak, M., Günal, H., Sırrı, M., Nurullah, Acir. 2023. Characterization of Surface and Groundwater Resources in the Yüksekova Basin. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7(4), 784-797. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10208340 (in Turkish with English Abstract)
19. Günal, H., Kılıç, O. M., Ersayın, K., Acir, N. 2022. Land suitability assessment for wheat production using analytical hierarchy process in a semi-arid region of Central Anatolia. Geocarto International, 37:27, 16418-16436. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2022.2108911
20. Kılıç, M., Gündoğan, R., Günal, H., & Budak, M. 2022. An Integrated Framework to Identify and Map Gullies in a Mediterranean region of Turkey. Geocarto International, , 37:26, 12846-12866. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2022.2071478
21. Mehmet Ali Çullu, Mustafa Teke, Mustafa Hakkı Aydoğdu, Hikmet Günal. 2022. Effects of subsidy and regulation policy on soil and water resources of cotton planted lands in Harran Plain, Turkey. Land Use Policy. 120: 106288
22. Acir Nurullah, Günal Hikmet, Çelik İsmail, Bereket Barut Zeliha, Budak Mesut, Kılıç Şeref 2022. Effects of long-term conventional and conservational tillage systems on biochemical soil health indicators in the Mediterranean region. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2020.1855327.
23. Kılıc, O. M., Ersayın, K., Gunal, H., Khalofah, A., & Alsubeie, M. S. 2022. Combination of Fuzzy-AHP and GIS Techniques in Land Suitability Assessment for Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cultivation. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. In Press.
24. Birol, M., & Günal, H. 2022. Field scale variability in soil properties and silage corn yield. Soil Studies, 11(1), 27-34.
25. Kilic, Orhan Mete, Gunal Hikmet. 2021. Spatial-temporal changes in rainfall erosivity in Turkey using CMIP5 global climate change scenario. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(12), 1-13.
26. Çelik İsmail, Günal Hikmet, Acir Nurullah, Bereket Barut Zeliha, Budak Mesut. 2021. Soil quality assessment to compare tillage systems in Cukurova Plain, Turkey. Soil and Tillage Research, 208, 104892
27. Hikmet Günal, Miraç Kılıç, Mesut Altındal, Recep Gündoğan. 2021. Rapid Spatial Estimation of Soil pH using Machine Learning under Limited Covariate Conditions. Levantine Journal of Applied Sciences. 1:1-30-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56917/ljoas.7
28. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Barut Bereket, Mesut Budak. 2020. Evaluating the Long‐Term Effects of Tillage Systems on Soil Structural Quality Using Visual Assessment and Classical Methods. Soil Use and Management. 36(2), 223-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12554.
29. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal. 2020. Soil Quality of a Cropland and Adjacent Natural Grassland in an Arid Region. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences. 15 (2), 275-288.
30. Hikmet Günal, Elif Günal. 2020. Fertility Status of Tobacco Cultivation Lands and Spatial Distribution of Soil Properties in Tokat Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(sp1): 116-124. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
31. Elif Günal, Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal. 2020. Carbon Storage Potential and Spatial Variability of Plant Nutrition Status of Tobacco Planting Areas in the Central Black Sea Region. Anatolian Journal of Forest Studies. 6(2): 68-81. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
32. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal. 2020. Effects of Long Term Conservative and Conventional Tillage Systems on Beta Glucosidase Enzyme Activity and Potential Mineralizable Nitrogen. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(sp1): 131-138. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
33. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, Orhan Mete Kılıç, Nurullah Acir. 2020. Monitoring of Land Degradation Neutrality After Reclamation and Agricultural Activities in Saline and Sodic Lands. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research. 7(2):172-82. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
34. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik. 2020. Effects of organic matter removal on particle size distribution. Anatolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences.35:106-114. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
35. Nurullah, Acir, Hikmet Günal. 2020. Importance of Organic Matter, Lime and Iron Oxides Removal in Determination of Specific Surface Area. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, 7(1): 205-211. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
36. Burhan Akkurt, Hikmet Günal, Halil Erdem, Elif Günal. 2020. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on some physical and chemical properties of biochars. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 8(1):1 -13. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
37. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Barut Bereket, Mesut Budak. 2019. Strategic tillage may sustain the benefits of long-term no-till in a Vertisol under Mediterranean climate. Soil & Tillage Research. 185:17-28. doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.08.015.
38. Shahid Farooq, Hüseyin Onen, Cumali. Ozaslan, C.C. Baskin, Hikmet Gunal 2019. Seed germination niche for common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) populations naturalized in Turkey. South African Journal of Botany 123:361–371.
39. Hikmet Günal, Ömer Bayram, Elif Günal, Halil Erdem 2019. Characterization of soil amendment potential of 18 different biochar types produced by slow pyrolysis. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 8 (4) 329 – 339.
40. Şeydagül Özdemir, Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir, Hakan Arslan, Kadir Aytaç, Özaydın Sultan Ergun Kahyaoğlu, Aysel M. Ağar 2019 The Use of Deterministic and Stochastic Interpolation Methods in the Estimation of Soil Salinity in Çerikli Irrigation Area. Toprak Su Dergisi, 8 (1): (55-67). (in Turkish with English Abstract).
41. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, 2019. The Use of Biochemical Properties in Soil Quality Assessment of Agricultural Lands. 21. Yüzyılda Fen ve Teknik, 6(11), 17-28. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
42. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Hakan Yıldız, Nurullah Acir, Mert Acar. 2018. Environmental sensitivity to desertification in northern Mesopotamia; application of modified MEDALUS by using analytical hierarchy process. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 11:481. doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3813-y.
43. Huseyin Önen, Shahid Farooq, Sonnur Tad, Cumali Özaslan, Hikmet Gunal, Bhagirath S Chauhan. 2018. The Influence of Environmental Factors on Germination of Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus) Seeds: Implications for Range Expansion and Management. Weed Science. 66:4, 494-501.
44. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Hakan Yıldız, Nurullah Acir, Mert Acar. 2018. Soil Quality Assessment of Upper Tigris Basin. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, February. Vol. 13, No. 1, p. 299 – 314.
45. Mert Acar, İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal. 2018. Effects of long-term tillage systems on aggregate-associated organic carbon in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science. 7 (1):51-58.
46. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Zelihe B. Bereket, Nurullah Acir, Mesut Budak. 2018. Long-Term Tillage Induced Changes in Physical Attributes of a Clayey Soil in Eastern Mediterranean Region. “Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings 1 (1), 32-39.
47. Mert Acar, Ismail Celik, Hikmet Gunal, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Barut Bereket, Mesut Budak. 2018. Tillage Effects on Soil Organic Carbon, Microbial Biomass Carbon And Beta-Glucosidase Enzyme Activity In A Typic Haploxerert Soil. Scientific Papers-Series A-Agronomy 61, 13-20.
48. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. İsmail Çelik, Nurullah Acir, Mesut Sırrı. 2018. Determination and Mapping of the Geostatistics and Geographic Information Systems of the Terrestrial Changes of Soil Properties in the Tigris Basin. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research. 5(2): 103-115. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
49. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. Mustafa Süer, Fevzi Akbaş. 2018. Determining and Mapping of Spatial Changes of Soil Properties using Geostatistics and Geographic Information Systems in the Tigris Basin. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research 22(3):376-389. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
50. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2018. Carbon Storage Potentials of Soils Under Different Land Uses in the Upper Tigris Basin. Anatolian Journal of Forest Studies. 4(1):61-74. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
51. H Onen, S Farooq, H Gunal, C Ozaslan, H Erdem 2017. Higher Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses and Soil Types May Accelerate Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisii folia) Invasion Weed Science 65 (1), 115-127.
52. I Celik, H Günal, M Acar, M Gök, ZB Barut, H Pamiralan 2017. Long-term tillage and residue management effect on soil compaction and nitrate leaching in a Typic Haploxerert soil International Journal of Plant Production 11 (1).
53. Özaslan Cumali, Shahid Farooq, Önen Hüseyin, Özcan Selçuk, Bükün Bekir, Günal Hikmet. 2017. Germination Biology of Two Invasive Physalis Species and Implications for Their Management in Arid and Semi-arid Regions. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-12., Doi: 10.1038/s41598- 017-17169-5
54. Fevzi Akbas, Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir. 2017. Spatial variability of soil potassium and its relationship to land use and parent material Soil and Water Research. 12, (4): 202–211.
55. S Farooq, S Tad, H Onen, H Gunal, U Caldiran, C Ozaslan. 2017. Range expansion potential of two co-occurring invasive vines to marginal habitats in Turkey. Acta Oeocologica 84, 23-33.
56. Mert Acar, İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal 2017. Effects of long-term tillage systems on soil water content and wheat yield under Mediterranean conditions. Journal of New Theory, (17), 98-108.
57. C Ozaslan, S Farooq, H Onen, B Bukun, S Ozcan, H Gunal 2016 Invasion Potential of Two Tropical Physalis Species in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates: Effect of Water-Salinity Stress and Soil Types on Growth and Fecundity PloS one 11 (10), e0164369
58. C Ozaslan, H Onen, S Farooq, H Gunal, N Akyol 2016. Common ragweed: an emerging threat for sunflower production and human health in Turkey. Weed Biology and Management 16 (1), 42-55.
59. Günal H, Korucu, T., Birkas, M., Özgöz, E. Cotoara-Zamfir, R.H. 2015. Threats to Sustainability of Soil Functions in Central and Eastern Europe. Sustainability. 7(2). 2061-2088.
60. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Gunal 2016. Visible and near infrared spectroscopy techniques for determination of some physical and chemical properties in Kazova watershed Advances in Environmental Biology 10 (5), 61-73.
61. Rares Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir, Hikmet Gunal, Martha Birkas, Todor Rusu, R Brejea 2015. Successful and Unsuccessful Stories in Restoring Despoiled and Degraded Lands in Eastern Europe. Advances in Environmental Biology. 9 (23), 368-376
62. Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir, Atilla Polat, Elif Günal, Mesut Budak, Nazife Erdem, Zekeriya Malı, Hüseyin Önen. 2015. Importance of spatial variability in the management of saline and boron toxicity lands. Anatolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 30:189-198. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
63. Mustafa Bayram, Hikmet Günal, Engin Özgöz, 2015. Importance of soil quality in determination of sustainable soil tillage methods. Yüzüncü Yil Üniversitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25(3), 337-346.
64. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2015. Spatial Distribution of Boron Concentration in Saline-Alkaline Soils and Importance of Mapping. Aegean University. Journal of Agricultural Faculty 52 (2):191-200. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
65. Fatih Gökmen, Hikmet Günal. 2015. Effects of Tillage Methods on Soil Quality Indicators and Soil Quality. 21. Yüzyılda Fen ve Teknik. 2 (4): 79-106. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
66. Sürücü, A. Günal, H., Acir N. 2013. Importance of spatial distribution in reclamation of boron toxic soils from Central Anatolia of Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. Volume: 22 Issue:3111-3122.
67. Hakan Arslan, Hikmet Günal, Mustafa Güler, Bilal Cemek, Nurullah Acir. 2013. Assessment the Soil Properties Affecting Salinity and Sodicity of Bafra Plain Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8. No. 1. 81 – 90.
68. Engin Özgöz, Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir, Fatih Gökmen, Murat Birol and Mesut Budak. 2013. Soil Quality and Spatial Variability Assessment of Land Use Effects in a Typic Haplustoll. Journal of Land Degradation and Development. 24 (3): 277–286.
69. Özgöz, E., H.Günal, H.Önen, M.Bayram, N.Acir, 2012. Effect of Management on Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Soil Physical Properties. Journal of Agricultural Sciences,18:77-91.
70. Hikmet Gunal, Nurullah Acir, Mesut Budak 2012. Heavy Metal Variability of a Native Saline Pasture in Arid Regions of Central Anatolia. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 2, p. 183 - 193.
71. Sedat Karaman, Hikmet Gunal and Zeki Gokalp. 2012. Variation of clay brick colors and mechanical strength as affected by different firing temperatures. Scientific Research and Essays Vol. 7(49), pp. 4208-4212.
72. Hikmet Gunal, Sabit Ersahin, Buket Y. Uz, Mesut Budak, Nurullah Acir. 2011. Soil Particle Size Distribution and Solid Fractal Dimension as Influenced by Pretreatments. Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 17:143‐156.
73. Tekin, A.B., Günal H., Sındır K., and Balcı, Y., 2011. Spatial Structure of Available Micronutrient Contents and Their Relationships with other soil characteristics and corn yield. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. Volume: 20 Issue:3a. 783-792.
74. Celik I, Gunal H, Budak M, Akpinar C. 2010. Effects of long-term organic and mineral fertilizers on bulk density and penetration resistance in semi-arid Mediterranean soil conditions. Geoderma. 160:236-243.
75. Korucu T, Arslan S, Gunal H, Sahin, M. 2009. Spatial and Temporal variation of soil moisture content and penetration resistance as affected by post harvest period and stubble burning of wheat. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. Volume: 18 Issue: 9A Pages: 1736-1747.
76. Demir, Y., Güler, M., Erşahin, S., Cemek, B., Günal, H., Arslan, H., 2009. Spatial variability of depth and salinity of groundwater under irrigated Ustifluvents in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey., Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 158(1-4): 279-294, DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0582-1.
77. Ozgoz, E., Akbas, F., Gunal, H., Ersahin, S., Cetin, M., 2009. Long Term Conventional Tillage Effect on Spatial Variability of Some Soil Physical Properties. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 33, (8): 940-940.
78. Akbaş, F., Günal, H., Gökmen, F., Gezgin, S., Erşahin, S., 2009. Spatial Variation of micronutrients in topsoil and subsoil of Vertic Haplustepts. Agrochimica. 53, 2: 101-116.
79. Gunal, H., S. Ersahin, B. Yetgin, T. Kutlu. 2008. Use of Chromameter-Measured Color Parameters in Estimating Color-Related Soil Variables. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. Vol: 38; Issue 56:726-740.
80. Sedat Karaman, Hikmet Günal, Sabit Ersahin, 2008. Quantitative Analysis of Pumice Effect on Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Clay Bricks. Journal of Applied Sciences. 8 (7); 1340-1345.
81. Güler, M., Cemek, B., Gunal. H. 2007. Assessment of Some Spatial Climatic Layers through GIS and Statistical Analysis Techniques in Samsun Turkey. Meteorological Applications. Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 163 - 169.
82. Gunal, H., F. Akbas, S. Ersahin, M. Budak. 2007. Soil indices for differentiating parent material in an alluvial/colluvial location. Agrochimica, Volume: 51, 4-5:231-243.
83. Ozgoz, E., Akbas, F., Çetin, M., Ersahin, S., Günal, H., 2007. Spatial variabilities of soil physical properties as affected by different tillage systems. New Zealand Journal of Hort. 35, 1-13.
84. Günal, H. S. Ersahin, T. Kutlu, and B. Yetgin, 2007. Differentiation of Soil Horizons and Parent Materials by Quantified Soil Color Parameters, Agrochimicia, L1. N1:86-94.
85. Günal, H., S., Erşahin, F., Akbaş, M., Budak, 2007. Potential use of near infrared spectrometry in soil science. Ondokuz Mayıs Univ. Faculty of Agriculture Journal. 22(2):219-226. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
86. Durak A., Gunal H., Akbas F., Kılıc S., 2006. Long term cultivation effects on soil properties in pastures. Asian Journal of Chemistry. Vol. 18-3:1953-1962.
87. Erşahin, S., Günal, H., Yetgin, B., Kutlu, T., Çoban, S., 2006. Estimating Specific Surface Area and Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils with Fractal Dimension of Particle-Size Distribution. Geoderma. 136:3,4: 588-597.
88. Günal H., Ransom, M.D., 2006. Clay Illuviation and Calcium Carbonate Accumulation along a Precipitation Gradient in Kansas. Catena. 68-1;59-69.
89. Günal H., Ransom, M.D., 2006. Genesis and Micromorphology of Loess-Derived Soils from Central Kansas Catena. Volume 65, Issue 3, Pages 222-236.
90. Ozgoz, E., Oztekin, T., Gunal, H., 2006. Assessment of wheel traffic effect on soil compaction using a soil core sampler. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. Volume 49 Number 3 :299-306.
91. Karaman, S., Erşahin, S., Günal, H., 2006. Firing Temperature and Firing Time Influence on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Clay Bricks. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. 65:2; 153-160.
92. S. Karaman, S., Gunal, H., Ersahin, S., 2006. Assessment of clay bricks compressive strength using quantitative values of colour components. Construction and Building Materials. Volume 20, Issue 5; 348-354.
93. Sedat Karaman, Sirri Sahin, Hikmet Gunal and Ibrahim Orung 2006.Stabilization of waste pet bottles with Gypsum. Journal of Applied Sciences. 6 (5): 1119-1122.
94. Sedat Karaman, Sirri Sahin, Hikmet Gunal, Sabit Ersahin, Ibrahim Orung. 2006. Use of Sunflower Stalk and Pumice in Gypsum Composites to Improve Thermal Properties. Journal of Applied Sciences. 6(6);1322-1326.
95. Günal, H., ve Erşahin, S., 2006. Use of Digital Color Parameters in Prediction of Soil Properties Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Journal of Agricultural Sciences 12:1, 85-92. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
96. Günal, H., 2006. Genesis and classification of soils in two consecutive topographies. Gaziosmanpasa Univ. Faculty of Agriculture Journal. 23:2, 59-68. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
97. Günal, H., and Ransom, M.D., 2005. Clay mineralogy, specific surface area and micromorphology of polygenetic soils from Eastern Kansas. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 51:4, 459-468.
98. Yilmaz, N.D.K., Yanar, Y., Günal, H., Erkan, S., 2004. Effects of Soil Properties on the Occurrence of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus and Beet Soilborne Virus on Sugar Beet in Tokat, Turkey. Plant Pathology Journal 3 (2): 56-60.


Conference Proceedings (Full Text)
1. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, Miraç Kılıç. 2025. The Strategic Role of Soil Health and Organic Carbon Management for Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Agriculture. El-Ruha 13. International Conference on Scientific Research. July 2-7, 2025. Sharm El Sheik, Egypt. pp. 275-282.
2. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, Miraç Kılıç. 2025. Spatial Analysis of Soil Erosion Risk in Semi-Arid Regions Using Cloud-based Computing Systems: A Case Study Of Siirt Province, Turkiye. El-Ruha 13. International Conference on Scientific Research. July 2-7, 2025. Sharm El Sheik, Egypt. pp. 222-239.
3. Hikmet Günal, Miraç Kılıç, Nurullah Acir. 2025. Assessment of Land Degradation Sensitivity in Semi-Arid Regions with Fuzzy Logic Approach and Spatial Geographic Data: The Case of Kirsehir, Turkiye. ISPEC 17th International Conference On Agriculture, Animal Sciences And Rural Development, Kırşehir, Turkiye. 25-27 Nisan. 2025. pp. 2226-2246.
4. Hikmet Gunal, Miraç Kılıç, Ismail Celik, Mesut Budak. 2025. The Development and Opportunities of Carbon Markets in Turkey: Current Status And Future Outlook. ISPEC 17th International Conference On Agriculture, Animal Sciences And Rural Development Kırşehir, Turkiye. 25-27 Nisan. 2025. pp. 2247-2266.
5. Kübra Polat, Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak. 2024. Is Microplastic Pollution in Soil a Real Threat to the Sustainability of Agricultural Production?. 16th International ISPEC Conference on Agricultıre, Animal Sceince and Rural Development. November 15-17, 2024 / Konya, Türkiye.
6. Kübra Polat, Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak. 2024. The Role of Microplastics in Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Transport to Crops. 16th International ISPEC Conference on Agricultıre, Animal Science and Rural Development. November 15-17, 2024 / Konya, Türkiye.
7. Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak, Kübra Polat. 2024. Identification and Analysis of Microplastics in Soils. In: International Congress of High Value Added Agricultural Products. 01-03 December, 2024. Iğdır, Turkiye. 425-435.
8. Recep Gündoğan, Behjat Rashid Ahmed, Sirwan Hamakhan Rahim, Hikmet Günal, Marwa Waseem A. Halmy. 2024. Impact of Vegetation and Land Use on Soil Dynamics in the Riparian Zones of Andırın River, Mediterranean, Turkey. 11th International Soil Congress. September, 23-25. 2024. 188-203.
9. Murat Birol, Hikmet GÜNAL. 2024. Effect of Rice Husk Biochar on Some Soil Properties and Plant Yield. 6th International Mediterranean Congress. August 13-15. Rome, Italy.
10. Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak, Kübra Polat. 2024. Management of Microplastic Pollution in Soils: Mitigation Strategies and Removal Techniques. In: International Congress of High Value Added Agricultural Products. 01-03 December, 2024. Iğdır, Turkiye. 603-622.
11. Recep Gündoğan, Hikmet Günal. 2024. Impacts of Agrovoltaic Systems on Soil Ecosystems in Semi-Arid Regions. In: International Congress of High Value Added Agricultural Products. 01-03 December, 2024. Iğdır, Turkiye. 715-724.
12. Günal Hikmet, Budak Mesut. 2023. The Importance of Indicator Selection in Assessing Soil Functions. 6. International Cukurova Agriculture and Veterinary Congress.
13. Günal Hikmet, Budak Mesut. 2023. Effect of Microplastic Pollution on the Physical Quality of Soil. 6. International Cukurova Agriculture and Veterinary Congress. 382-395. December 22-24, 2023 / Adana, Türkiye. (in Turkish with English Abstract)
14. Günal Hikmet, Polat Kübra, Budak Mesut. 2023. Phosphatase Activity as a Soil Quality Indicator. IV. International Siirt Conference On Scientific Research. (in Turkish with English Abstract).
15. Mesut Sırrı, Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2023. General Assessment of Yüksekova Plain within the Scope of Ecosystem Services Provision; Problems and Solution Proposals. International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies-IV Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, April 28-30, 2023. 1496-1514.
16. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik. 2023. Spatial Variation of Average Weight Diameter as a Quality Indicator of Yüksekova Soils under Different Land Uses. International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies-IV Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, April 28-30, 2023. 1468-1481.
17. Mesut Budak, İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal. 2023. Water-filled Pore Volume and Nitrogen Gas Emission Potential of Yüksekova Plain Soils. International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies-IV Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, April 28-30, 2023. 1481-1496.
18. Miraç Kılıç, Hikmet Günal. 2022. Machine Learning Applications in Spatial Prediction of Soil Texture. 1st International Conference on Engineering, Natural and Social Sciences ICENSOS 2022. 211-217. Konya, Turkiye. (in Turkish with English Abstract)
19. Miraç Kılıç, Hikmet Günal. Mesut Budak. 2022. The Use of Machine Learning Techniques in Soil Organic Carbon Content Estimation and Mapping. 317-323. Konya-Turkiye. . (in Turkish with English Abstract)
20. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Mesut Sırrı. 2022. Spatial Variability of Soil Structure Quality in Yüksekova Plain Depending on Distance. II International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies. 1452-1463. Batum-Georgia. . (in Turkish with English Abstract)
21. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Mesut Sırrı. 2022. The Use of Remote Sensing and Artificial Intelligence Algorithm Integration in the Prediction of Some Soil Properties. II International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies. 1434-1451. Batum-Georgia. . (in Turkish with English Abstract)
22. Ismael Amjed Mohammed, Miraç, Kılıç, Hikmet Günal. 2022. Comparison of Classical Geostatistics and Machine Learning Techniques in Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Lime Content in a Semi-Arid Region. International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies-III Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. 457-470. . (in Turkish with English Abstract)
23. Ismael Amjed Mohammed, Miraç, Kılıç, Hikmet Günal. 2022. Performance of Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network Model in Spatial Prediction of Particle Size Distribution. International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies-III Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. 444-456. . (in Turkish with English Abstract)
24. Mesut Budak Hikmet Günal. 2021. Comparison of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity under Field and Laboratory Conditions. 3rd International Cukurova Agriculture And Veterinary Congress 9 - 10 October 2021 Adana / Turkey
25. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak. 2019. Importance of Environmental Agricultural Land Protection (ÇATAK) Measures for Seyfe Lake Basin. ISPEC 3rd International Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development Congress. 20-22 December 2019. p. 187-202. Van, Turkey.
26. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal. 2019. Effects of Cover Crops on Soil Quality. ISPEC 3rd International Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development Congress. 20-22 December 2019. p. 203-215. Van, Turkey.
27. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2019. Additives to be Used in Reclamation of Saline-Sodic Soils and Spatial Changes of Leaching Water. ISPEC 3rd International Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development Congress.20-22 December 2019. p. 250-261. Van, Turkey.
28. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Nurullah Acir. 2019. Evaluation of Yüksekova Wetlands in Terms of Ecosystem Services. ISPEC 3rd International Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development Congress.20-22 December 2019. p. 262-273. Van, Turkey.
29. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Nurullah Acir. 2019. Mapping and Importance of Ecosystem Services. ISPEC 3rd International Agriculture, Livestock and Rural Development Congress. 20-22 December 2019. s. 274-283. Van, Turkey.
30. M Budak, H Günal, İ Çelik. 2019. Importance of Wetland Soils for Ecosystem Services. International Agriculture and Rural Development Congress 1. 10-12 June 2019. (1), 405-413. Siirt, Turkey.
31. M Budak, H Günal, İ Çelik, N Acir. 2019. Importance of Protection and Improvement of Soil Quality in Sustainability of Agricultural Production. International Agriculture and Rural Development Congress 1, 10-12 June 2019. (1), 420-426. Siirt, Turkey,
32. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal. 2019. Use of Pedotransfer Functions in Estimating Soil Cation Exchange Capacity. International Agriculture and Rural Development Congress 1, 10-12 June 2019. Siirt, Turkey, (1), 454-460.
33. Memiş Memiş, Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal. 2019. Comparison of Soil Quality of Natural and Improved Rangelands. International Agriculture and Rural Development Congress 1, 10-12 June 2019. Siirt, Turkey, (1), 461-473.
34. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik. 2019. Comparison of Soil-Water Mixtures in Electrical Conductivity and pH Analysis. International Agriculture and Rural Development Congress 1, 10-12 June 2019. Siirt, Turkey, (1), 474-480.
35. M Budak, H Günal. 2019. Variability of Mapping Unit at Soil Series Level in Saline Soils. 1st International Harran Multidisciplinary Studies Congress 8-10 March, 20019. (1), 701-710. Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
36. M Budak, H Günal, İ Çelik. 2019. Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Upper Tigris Basin by Analytical Hierarchy Process Method. March 8-10, 20019.1. International Harran Multidisciplinary Studies Congress 1 (1), 711-721. Şanlıurfa/ Turkey.
37. Recep Gündoğan, Veysi Alma, Turgay Dindaroğlu, Hikmet Günal, Tuğrul Yakupoğlu, Tekin Susam, Kadir Saltalı, 2017. Monitoring and Estimation of Soil Losses from Ephemeral Gully Erosion In Mediterranean Region Using Low Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4/W6, 59-61, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W6-59-2017.
38. M Budak, H Günal, N Acir, İ Çelik, H Yıldız. 2016. Spatial analyses of plant available phosphorus concentration under different management practices. VII International Scientific Agriculture Symposium," Agrosym 2016", 6-9 October 2016, Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Proceedings. pp. 2205-2210.
39. M Budak, H Günal 2016. Factors affecting available phosphorus concentration in naturally formed saline alkaline soils. VII International Scientific Agriculture Symposium," Agrosym 2016", 6-9 October 2016, Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Proceedings. pp.2211-2217.
40. Şeydagül Özdemir, Hikmet Günal, Hakan Arslan, Nurullah Acir. 2016. Spatial Distribution of Soil Salinity with Different Interpolation Methods. VII International Scientific Agriculture Symposium," Agrosym 2016", 6-9 October 2016, Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Proceedings. pp.2218-2224.
41. Sabit Erşahin, Hikmet Günal, Kadir Saltalı, Turgut Kutlu, Buket Yetgin, Fatih Er, Fahri Sönmez, Ahmet Korkmaz. 2008. Vertical Transport of Water and Chemicals as Affected by Soil Layering: A Model Study. International Meeting on Soil Fertility Land Management and Agroclimatology. Kuşadası, Turkey, 2008. p:95-104.
42. Buket Yetgin, Sabit Erşahin, Turgut Kutlu, Hikmet Günal. 2006. Effect of Sampling on Spatial Variability of Some Soil Physical Properties. 18th International Soil Meeting. Proceedings. Şanlıurfa. 79-88.
43. Sabit Ersahin, Hikmet Günal, Turgut Kutlu, BuketYetgin. 2006. Fractal Dimensions of Pore-Size Distribution As Affected by Particle Size Distribution of Some Turkish Soils. 18th International Soil Meeting. Proceedings. Şanlıurfa 426-431.
44. Turgut Kutlu, Sabit Ersahin, Hikmet Günal, Buket Yetgin 2006. Comparison of Van Genuchten Parameters Obtained Experimentally Using Inverse Function of Retc and Predicted by Rosetta Computer Program. 18th International Soil Meeting. Proceedings. Şanlıurfa 31-38.
45. Günal, H., Durak A., Akbas F., and Kılıç S., 2004. Genesis and Classification of Vertisols as Affected by Rice Cultivation. Int. Soil Congress. Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development. June 7-10, Erzurum, Turkey
46. Saltalı, K. Aydın, M. Günal, H., 2002 Determination of potassium status of Tokat-Kazova soils. The 13th International Symposium of the International Scientific Center of Fertilizers. June 10-13, Tokat-Turkey.
47. Erşahin, S. H. Günal, K. Saltalı, T. Kutlu. 2002. The Determination and limitation of amonia losses in the N fertilizer. The 13th International Symposium of the International Scientific Center of Fertilizers. June 10-13, 2002. Tokat-Turkey.
48. Tayfun Korucu, Recep Gündoğan, Tuğrul Yakupoğlu, Hikmet Günal, Turgay Dindaroğlu, Şaban Çiftçi, Veysel Alma. 2016. 9. Conservation Tillage and Direct Planting Workshop. 11-12 May 2016. Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
49. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2015. Use of Visible-Near Infrared Spectroscopy (VNIRS) in Determining Standard Soil Analysis. GAP VII. Agriculture Congress 28 April-1 May 2015 Şanlıurfa/Turkey. S. 222-227.
50. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, Nurhan Mutlu, Sabri Cankar, Nihat Akyol, 2013. After Drainage Activities, Soil Properties and Vegetation Changes with Distance Around Kaz Lake. III. National Soil and Water Resources Congress 22-24 October 2013 -Tokat/Turkey. pp: 626-633.
51. Nurhan Mutlu, Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir. 2013. Desertification; Causes, Determination and Monitoring. III. National Soil and Water Resources Congress 22-24 October 2013 -Tokat/Turkey. pp: 660-664
52. Adil Gezer, Hikmet Günal. 2013. Mapping of Spatial Distribution of Soils in Malatya Apricot Research Station. III. National Soil and Water Resources Congress 22-24 October 2013 -Tokat. pp: 912-919.
53. Mesut Altındal, Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir. 2013. Mapping Spatial Distribution of Plant Available Micronutrient Concentrations. III. National Soil and Water Resources Congress 22-24 October 2013 -Tokat/Turkey. pp:939-947.
54. Ünlükara A., Akbaş F., Kurunç A., Günal H., Cemek B., 2008. Determination of Soil and Irrigation Water Salinity using a SIW Salinity and Sodicity Analysis Unit. Irrigation Salinity Meeting, 12-13 June, Şanlıurfa/Turkey
55. Çullu, M. A., U. Dinç, S. Şenol, N. Öztürk, İ. Çelik, H. Günal. 1995. Mapping of Saline and Alkaline Areas using Satellite Data. İlhan Akalan Soil and Environment Symposium. Volume 1. Ankara/Turkey
Conference Proceedings (Abstract)
1. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal. 2020. Effect of Long-Term Conservation and Conventional Tillage Systems on Beta Glycosidase Enzyme Activity and Potential Mineralizable Nitrogen. 5th International Anatolian Agriculture, Food, Environment and Biology Congress. 1-4 October, 2020. Tokat/Turkey.
2. Hikmet Günal, Elif Günal. 2020. Micronutrient Status and Spatial Distribution of Tobacco Cultivation Lands in Tokat Province. 5th International Anatolian Agriculture, Food, Environment and Biology Congress. 1-4 October, 2020. Tokat/Turkey.
3. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir. Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Effects of occasional tillage on compaction of a clayey soil. International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies (ICAFOF 2017 Cappadocia / Turkey). 15-17 May, 2017. p. 279.
4. Nurullah Acir, İsmail Çelik, Mert Acar, Hikmet Günal, Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Tillage Induced Changes in Biological Characteristics of A Typic Haploxerert Soil. International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies (ICAFOF 2017 Cappadocia / Turkey). 15-17 May, 2017. p. 902.
5. İsmail Çelik, Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Effects of Long-Term Soil Tillage Practices on Soil Chemical Characteristics. International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies (ICAFOF 2017 Cappadocia / Turkey). 15-17 May, 2017. p. 903.
6. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal İsmail Çelik Nurullah Acir, Mert Acar, Mesut Sırrı. 2017. Importance of Expert Opinion in soil Quality Assessment of Upper Tigris Basin. International Conference on Multidisciplinary, Science, Engineering and Technology (IMESET’17 Bitlis) Oct 27-29, 2017. Bitlis. P. 365.
7. Acir Nurullah, Günal Hikmet. 2016. Comparing the Fertility of Soils in an Arid Region with Soil Quality Index Calculated by Expert Opinion and Principal Component Analyses. Eurosoil 16-19.10.2016. İstanbul Turkey.
8. Acar Mert, Çelik İsmail, Günal Hikmet, Barut Zeliha Bereket. 2016. Organic carbon distributions in aggregates under different tillage practices in Mediterranean conditions. Eurosoils 16-19.10.2016. İstanbul Turkey
9. Acar Mert, Çelik İsmail, Günal Hikmet, Sariyev Alhan. 2016. Mean weight diameter and water holding capacity of aggregates under contrasting soil tillage systems Eurosoil 16-19.10.2016. İstanbul Turkey
10. Budak Mesut, Günal Hikmet, Acir Nurullah. 2016. Varibility Among Mapping Units of The Same Soil Series in External Solonchacks. Eurosoil 16-19.10.2016. İstanbul Turkey
11. Mutlu Nurhan, Günal Hikmet, Mutlu Alper, Öztekin Selma, Ilıç Duran, Kaya Yalçın, Başaran Bülent, Özer Erhan, Topal Hüseyin, Yeşilçimen Esra Söylemez. 2016. Variation of Available Potassium Concentration Depending on Land Use and Altitude 27th International Scientific-Expert Congress of Agriculture and Food Industry. 26-28- June 2016. Bursa Turkey
12. Önen Hüseyin, Farooq Shahid, Günal Hikmet, Özaslan Cumali. 2016. Tropical Guests in Semi-Arid Regions of Turkey: Local Adaptations or Evolutionary Changes? 9th International Conference on Biological Invasions 14-16 September, 2016.
13. Farooq Shahid, Önen Hüseyin, Yıldız Hakan, Günal Hikmet, Özaslan Cumali. 2016. Will Climate Change Impact Distribution of Common Ragweed in Turkey? 9th International Conference on Biological Invasions. 14-16 September, 2016.
14. Önen Hüseyin, Farooq Shahid, Günal Hikmet, Özaslan Cumali. 2016. Successful Adaptations to Adverse Environmental Conditions: More Areas under the Risk of Ragweed Invasion? 9th International Conference on Biological Invasions. 14-16 September, 2016.
15. Gündoğan Recep, Duran Esra, Günal Hikmet, Bilir Bedriye, Kara Zekeriya. 2015. Soil Quality of Lands converted to Pistachio and Vineyard Plantations in Mediterranean Region Soil Science in International Year of Soils. 19-23 October, 2015. Georgia.
16. Onen H, Gunal H, Ozcan S. 2014. The Black Sea highway: The Route of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) Invasion in Turkey In: Uludag et al (eds) Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Biological Invasions from understanding to action. pp 76.
17. Onen H, Gunal H, Ozcan S. 2013 Invasion status of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Turkey. In: Uludag et al (eds) Proceedings of 4th ESENIAS Workshop: International Workshop on IAS in Agricultural and Non Agricultural Areas in ESENIAS Region. pp 50
18. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, Yasin Türkmen 2012. Developing Management Strategies in Boron Toxic Soils from Central Anatolia of Turkey. 8th International Congress o n Soil Science. 15-17 May, 2012. Çeşme, İzmir. p 573.
19. Hikmet Gunal, Mesut Budak, Nurullah Acir, Murat Birol. 2011. Saline Soil Formation within a Lacustrine Environment In Mid-Anatolia of Turkey. Fundamental for Life: Soil, Crop, & Environmental Sciences," Oct. 16-19, 2011, San Antonio, TX.130-20
20. Engin Ozgoz, Hikmet Gunal, Mustafa Bayram and Nurullah Acir. 2011. Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Quality Depending On Land Use Management. In Mid-Anatolia of Turkey. Fundamental for Life: Soil, Crop, & Environmental Sciences," Oct. 16-19, 2011, San Antonio, TX. 391-13.
21. Yunus Serin, Hikmet Gunal, Huseyin Onen, Nurullah Acir, Mesut Budak, Murat Birol.2011. Soil Plant Relations In Diagnosing the Saline/Alkaline Soils from an Arid Region of Turkey Fundamental for Life: Soil, Crop, & Environmental Sciences," Oct. 16-19, 2011, San Antonio, TX.67-7.
22. Günal, H., Akbaş, F., Acir, N., 2009. Nonexchangeable Potassium, Clay Mineralogy and Specific Surface Area Interactions in Kazova Soils. 2009 ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meetings. Pittsburgh, PA.
23. Ozgoz, E., Onen, H., Gunal, H., İptas, S. 2009. Comparison of Different Soil Tillage Systems to Extend the Required Thermal Time for Second Crop Silage Corn Production ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meetings. Pittsburgh, PA
24. Kenan Kılıç, Alper Durak, Fevzi Akbaş, Hikmet Günal. 2000. Genesis and Clay Mineralogy of Two Soils Developed on a High Plateau in Tokat Province, Turkey. ASA, CSSA, SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. Minneapolis, Minnesota. November 5-9, 2000. P. 306.
25. Günal, H., M.D. Ransom, and W.A. Wehmuller. 2000. Clay illuviation and calcium carbonate features of Kansas soils. ASA, CSSA, SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. Minneapolis, Minnesota. November 5-9, 2000. P. 306.
26. Seyyid Irmak, Recep Gündoğan, Hikmet Günal. 1999. Salinity Problems of Some Quetarnary Soils in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture. 28 January 1999. USA.
27. Seyyid Irmak, Recep Gündoğan, Hikmet Günal. 1999. Some Characteristics of Old River Terraces Soils in the Kizilirmak Plain of Turkey. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture. 28 January 1999. USA.
28. Yaşar Kasap, Seyyid Irmak, Hikmet Günal. 1999. Path Analysis of Some Heavy Metal Adosrption by Soil. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture. 28 January 1999. USA.
29. Günal, H., M.D. Ransom, S.H. Fraser, D.A. Fraser, W.A. Wehmuller, and W.D. Nettleton. 1998. Clay illuviation and calcium carbonate accumulation along a precipitation gradient in Kansas. 1998 ASA, CSSA, SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. Baltimore, Maryland. October 18-22, 1998.
30. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Effects of long-term tillage and crop rotation on soil biological quality. V. Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation,12-15 Eylül 2017. Kırklareli. P. 17
31. Mert Acar, İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Zeliha Bereket Barut, Nurullah Acir. 2017. Can Conservation Tillage Systems Decrease Physical Soil Quality? V. Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation, 12-15 September 2017. Kırklareli. P. 16
32. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Change of chemical soil quality under different tillage systems. V. Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation, 12-15 September 2017. Kırklareli. p. 167
33. Murat Birol, Hikmet Günal, Halil Erdem. 2017. The Effects of Two Different Types of Biochars on Biological Soil Properties in a Clay Soil. V. Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation, 12-15 September 2017. Kırklareli. P. 54
34. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar 2017. The Importance of Visual Evaluation in Determining the Effects of Tillage Systems. Central Anatolia Region Agriculture and Food Congress (International Participation). October 26-28,2017. Sivas. P. 239-240.
35. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Changes in Soil Aggregate Stability with the Effect of Tillage. Central Anatolia Region Agriculture and Food Congress (International Participation). October 26-28, 2017. Sivas. P. 235-236.
36. İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Mert Acar, Nurullah Acir, Zeliha Bereket Barut. 2017. Effects of Tillage Systems on Distribution of Some Chemical Properties in the Surface Horizon of a Clay Soil. Central Anatolia Region Agriculture and Food Congress (International Participation). October 26-28,2017. Sivas/Turkey. P 509-510.
37. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal, İsmail Çelik, Nurullah Acir, Mert Acar, Mesut Sırrı. 2017. Use of Multivariate Statistic and Analytical Hierarchy Process In Soil Quality Assessment. İç Anadolu Bölgesi Tarım ve Gıda Kongresi (International Participation). 26-28 Ekim, 2017. Sivas/Turkey
38. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal İsmail Çelik Nurullah Acir, Mert Acar, Mesut Sırrı. 2017. Importance Of Expert Opinion in Soil Quality Assessment of Upper Tigris Basin. Central Anatolia Region Agriculture and Food Congress (International Participation). 26-28 October, 2017. Sivas. P. 245-246.
39. Farooq Shahid, Önen Hüseyin, Günal Hikmet, Yıldız Hakan, Özaslan Cumali. 2016. Estimation of Potential Distribution Areas of Two Invasive Ivy in Turkey. VI. Plant Protection Congress with International Participation. 5-09, September 2016. Konya Turkey.
40. Sırrı Mesut, Önen Hüseyin, Günal Hikmet, Farooq Shahid. 2016. Change of Weeds Depending on Land Use in Kazova (Tokat). VI. Plant Protection Congress with International Participation. 5-09, September 2016. Konya Turkey.
41. Sırrı Mesut, Önen Hüseyin, Günal Hikmet, Shahid Farooq. 2016. Distribution of Weed Species Depending on Soil Properties in Çumra Plain (Konya) VI. Plant Protection Congress with International Participation 5-09, September 2016. Konya Turkey
42. Önen Hüseyin, Farooq Shahıd, Günal Hikmet, Özaslan Cumali. 2016. Common Ragweed İnvasion in Turkey: What We Have Learnt so Far? VI. Plant Protection Congress with International Participation 5-09, September 2016. Konya Turkey.
43. Atilla Polat, Nurullah Acir, Emre Matur, Ahmet Can Kılınç, Ahmet Çağlayan, Hikmet Günal. 2015. Determination of variability in soil acidity and lime requirement. 4th Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation. 1-3 September 2015. K.Maraş.
44. Elif Günal, Cabir Çağrı Gence, Mesut Budak, Nurullah Acir, Nazife Erdem, Hikmet Günal. 2015. What Should Be the Ideal Soil Water Mixture Defining Soil Salinity? 4th Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation. 1-3 September 2015. K.Maraş.
45. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2015. The Effect of Petrocalcic Horizon Depth on Spatial Distribution of Salinity in an Arid Land. 4th Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation. 1-3 September 2015. K.Maraş.
46. Emre Matur, Hikmet Günal, Atilla polat, Mesut Budak, Nurhan mutlu. 2013. Importance of Organic Matter Removal in Particle Size Distribution Analysis. 4th Soil and Water Resources Congress with International Participation. 1-3 September 2015. K.Maraş.
47. Hüseyin Önen, Nihat Akyol, Hikmet Günal. 2015. Current Situation of Ambrosia Artemisiifolia in the Black Sea. Invasive Plants Workshop, May 22, 2015. Antalya.
48. Hikmet Günal, Nurullah Acir, Fevzi Akbaş, Engin Özgöz, Halil Erdem, Hüseyin Önen, Hakan Yıldız, Atilla Polat. 2015. Variability of Available Potassium Content of Kazova Soils with Base Material, Land Use and Distance. Central Anatolia Region 2nd Agriculture and Food Congress (28 - 30 April 2015) Nevşehir. S. 87.
49. Nurullah Acir, Hikmet Günal, Atilla Polat. 2015. The Importance of Field-Scale Spatial Variability in the Management of Salinity and Boron Toxicity. Central Anatolia Region 2nd Agriculture and Food Congress (28 - 30 April 2015) Nevşehir. S. 87.
50. Hikmet Günal, Hüseyin önen, Yunus Serin, Selahattin İptaş, Zekeriya Mali. 2013. Growing hopes in the Emen Plain. III. National Soil and Water Resources Congress 22-24 October 2013 -Tokat. p:72.

Book Chapters
1. Sabit Erşahin, Hikmet Günal. 2008. Manure and Compost. Forage Crops and Pasture Based Livestock Education. Erciyes University Publication No.160. page:355-362. (in Turkish)
2. Sabit Erşahin Hikmet Günal. 2008. Green Fertilizers. Forage Crops and Pasture Based Livestock Education. Erciyes University Publication No.160. page: 363-370. (in Turkish)
3. Sabit Erşahin, Hikmet Günal. 2008. Symptoms Caused by Nutrient Deficiencies. Forage Crops and Pasture Based Livestock Education. Erciyes University Publication No.160. page: 371-376. (in Turkish)
4. Sabit Erşahin, Hikmet Günal. 2008. Soil Analysis. Forage Crops and Pasture Based Livestock Education. Erciyes University Publication No.160. page:377-382. (in Turkish)
5. Hikmet Günal. 2010. Land Degradation and Erosion. Global Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture. Volume 1. Farmer Education. Erciyes University Publication No: 177. Erciyes University Seyrani Faculty of Agriculture Publication no:1. Page:215-241. (in Turkish)
6. Hikmet Günal. 2010. Mother Earth. Agriculture. Volume II. YIBO Training. Erciyes University Publication No: 177. Erciyes University Seyrani Faculty of Agriculture Publication No: 1 Publication No: 52-74. (in Turkish)
7. Yunus Serin, Yaşar Karadağ, Hikmet Günal. 2010. Pasture and Erosion. Volume II. YİBO Education. Erciyes University Publication No: 177. Erciyes University Seyrani Faculty of Agriculture Publication No:1 52-74. (in Turkish)
8. Hikmet Günal. 2010. Global Warming and Use of Natural Resources. Global Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture. Volume III. Technical Staff Training. Erciyes University Publication No: 177. Erciyes University Seyrani Faculty of Agriculture Publication no:1. Page Number: 211-224. (in Turkish)
9. Hikmet Günal. 2010. Alternative Production Systems in Conservation of Natural Resources. Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture and Measures. T.R. Kayseri Governorate. Provincial Directorate of Agriculture Publication No:2. Page. 285-298. (in Turkish)
10. Hikmet Günal, İrfan Oğuz. 2010. Importance of Soil and Water Conservation and Land Degradation. Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture and Measures. T.R. Kayseri Governorate. Provincial Directorate of Agriculture Publication No:2. Page. 299-320. (in Turkish)
11. Hikmet Günal, Hüseyin Önen, Engin Özgöz. 2015. Determining and Importance of Spatial Variability. Ed. Hussein Onen. Turkey Invasive Plants Catalogue. T.R. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. TAGEM Plant Health Research Department. Page: 119-124. (in Turkish)
12. Günal H., Özgöz E., Çelik İ., Acir N. 2015. Soil Quality in Soil Management, Editors: Sabit Erşahin, Taşkın Öztaş, Ayten Namlı, Gülay Karahan, Gazi Bookstore, Ankara, pp.111-134. (in Turkish)
13. Günal H., Özgöz E., Oğuz İ., Çelik İ.,2015. Soil Degradation and Control in Soil Management, Editors: Sabit Erşahin, Taşkın Öztaş, Ayten Namlı, Gülay Karahan, Gazi Bookstore, Ankara, pp.135-170. (in Turkish)
14. Engin Özgöz, Hikmet Günal, Mustafa Bayram. 2015. Soil Management, Editors: Sabit Erşahin, Taşkın Öztaş, Ayten Namlı, Gülay Karahan, Gazi Bookstore, Ankara, pp.533-568. (in Turkish).
15. Hüseyin Önen, Shahid Farooq. Hikmet Günal. 2017. Impacts of Invasive pplants on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems. COST ES1104. Quick reference Sheet 49.
16. Shahid Farooq, Hüseyin Önen, Hikmet Günal. 2017. Invasive plants in agricultural ecosystems: an emerging issue in sustainable yields. COST ES1104. Quick reference Sheet 48
17. Hüseyin Önen, Shahid Farooq, Hikmet Günal. 2017. Monitoring and information system: a helpful approach for minimizing ecological impacts of invasive plants. COST ES1104. Quick reference Sheet 38.
18. Mehmet Ali Çullu, Hikmet Günal, Erhan Akça, Selim Kapur. 2018. “Soil Geography”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book (in Turkish)Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p.105-109.
19. Erhan Akca, Salih Aydemir, Selahattin Kadir, Muhsin Eren, Claudio Zucca, Hikmet Günal, Franco Previtali, Pandi Zdruli, Ahmet Çiçek, Mesut Budak, Ahmet Karakeçe, Selim Kapur, Ewart Adsil FitzPatrick. 2018. “Calcisols and Leptosols”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p.139-167.
20. Hasan Özcan, Salih Aydemir, Mehmet Ali Çullu, Hikmet Günal, Muhsin Eren, Selahattin Kadir, Hüseyin Ekinci, Timuçin Everest, Ali Sungur, Ewart Adsil FitzPatrick. 2018. “Vertisol”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p.169-206.
21. Mustafa Sarı, Yusuf Kurucu, Erhan Akca, Muhsin Eren, Selahattin Kadir, Hikmet Günal, Claudio Zucca, İbrahim Atalay, Zülküf Kaya, Franco Previtali, Pandi Zdruli, Selim Kapur, Ewart Adsil FitzPatrick. 2018. “Luvisols”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p.231-249.
22. Hasan Özcan, Mehmet Ali Çullu, Hikmet Günal, Hüseyin Ekinci, Ali Sungur, Timuçin Everest, 2018. “Solonchaks and Solonchak-Like Soils”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p.267-283.
23. Mehmet Ali Çullu, Hikmet Günal, 2018. “Solonetz Soil-Solonchaks (Solonetz Like Soils”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p. 331-346.
24. Hikmet Günal, Koray Haktanır, Selim Kapur. 2018. “Historical Perspective of Soil Research in Turkey”. The Soils of Turkey. Editors: Kapur, Selim, Akça, Erhan, Günal, Hikmet (Eds.). World Soils Book Series. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-64392-2. p. 1-13.
25. Hikmet Günal, Hüseyin Önen, Engin Özgöz. 2017. Sustainable Utilization of Saline Soils: restoration with best management practices. COST ES1104. Quick reference Sheet 18.
26. Al-Tawaha, A. R. M., Günal, H., Křeček, J., Zamfir, R. H. C., Patel, H. K., Vyas, R. V., ... & Al-Ramamneh, E. A. D. 2021. Soil Fertility Decline Under Climate Change. In Sustainable Soil and Land Management and Climate Change (pp. 127-145). CRC Press.
27. Kılıç, M., Gündoğan, R. Günal, H. 2021. Development and Applications of Digital Soil Mapping. In: New Research in Food, Environment, Agroforestry and Agriculture for Sustainability. IKSAD International Publishing House. Editors: Bellitürk, K., Baran, M.F., Çelik, A. ISBN: 978-625-7562-28-7. p. 53-87. (in Turkish).
28. Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman, Elif Günal, İsmail Çelik, Hikmet Günal, Abdulkadir Sürücü, Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha, Alla Aleksanyan, Devarajan Thangadurai, Jeyabalan Sangeetha. 2022. Organic Farming Improves Soil Health Sustainability and Crop Productivity. In. Organic Farming for Sustainable Development. CRC Press. Taylor and Francis.
29. Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak. 2022. Assessing the Relationship between Soil Quality and Ecosystem Services. In Soil Quality and Assessment. p. 45-66. IKSAD Publishing House. (in Turkish).
30. Mesut Sırrı, Hikmet Günal. 2022. Effects of Cover Crops on Soil Quality and Weeds. In Soil Quality and Assessment. p. 127-156. IKSAD Publishing House (in Turkish).
31. Murat Birol, Hikmet Günal. 2022. The Use of Biochar in Agricultural production. In: Changing Structures and Prospects in Agriculture. 279-309. İksad Publishing House (in Turkish).
32. Murat Briol, Hikmet Günal. 2022. Contributions of Biochar to the provision of soil-based ecosystem services. In: Changing Structures and Prospects in Agriculture. 243-278. İksad Publishing House (in Turkish).
33. Recep Gündoğan, Hikmet Günal, Turgay Dindaroğlu, Tuğrul Yakupoğlu. 2022. Methods Used in the Identification and Monitoring of Gully Erosion. In Some Current Research on the Interaction of Biodiversity with Technology and Environment. 25-63. IKSAD Publishing House. https://iksadyayinevi.com/home/biyolojik-cesitliligin-teknoloji-ve-cevreyle-etkilesimi-temelinde-guncel-bazi-arastirmalar/ (in Turkish)
34. Mesut Budak, Hikmet Günal. 2023. Effects of Microplastics on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Ed. E. A. Altop. Advanced Applications in Agricultural Technology and Ecosystems: Productivity, Environmental Impacts, and Innovative Approaches. Iksad International Publishing House. pp. 153-170. (in Turkish) https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10372987
35. Hikmet Günal, Miraç Kılıç, Mesut Budak. 2023. Machine Learning in Crop Yield Predictions and Comparison of the Performances of Different Machine Learning Algorithms. Ed. E. A. Altop. Advanced Applications in Agricultural Technology and Ecosystems: Productivity, Environmental Impacts, and Innovative Approaches. Iksad International Publishing House. pp. 103-120. (in Turkish) DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10372935
36. Hikmet Günal. 2023. The Impact of Microplastics on Soil Organisms and Biogeochemical Processes in the Soil Environment. Ed. T. Beycioğlu. Advanced Strategies for Agriculture -2. Iksad International Publishing House. pp. 111-129. (in Turkish) https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10407019
37. Hikmet Günal, Mesut Budak. 2023. An Overview of Studies on Land Degradation Mitigation in Turkey. Ed. T. Beycioğlu. Advanced Strategies for Agriculture -2. Iksad International Publishing House. pp. 131-147. (in Turkish). https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10407019
38. Samar Shawaqfeh, Abdel Rahman Mohammad Al Tawaha, Hikmet Gunal, Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha, Marwa Adel Qotb, Arun Karnwal, Nataliia Nesterova, Abhishek Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Karen Ghazaryan, Tatiana Minkina, Iftikhar Ali, Amjad M. Husaini, Tauseef A. Bhat, Ekaterina Kozuharova and Rizwan Rashid. 2025. Climate change and drought: challenges for agriculture in arid environments. In. Sustainable Agriculture Under Drought Stress. Integrated Soil, Water and Nutrient Management. Eds. Hassan Etasami and Yinglong Chen. Elsevier, Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-443-23956-4. 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-23956-4.00001-6
39. Riham Fouzi Zahalan, Abdel Rahman Mohammad Al Tawaha, Hikmet Gunal, Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha, Marwa Adel Qotb, Arun Karnwal, Nataliia Nesterova, Abhishek Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Karen Ghazaryan, Tatiana Minkina, Iftikhar Ali, Samar Shawaqfeh, Amjad M. Husaini, Ekaterina Kozuharova and Rizwan Rashid. 2025. Optimizing irrigation scheduling: strategies for sustainable water management in agriculture. In. Sustainable Agriculture Under Drought Stress. Integrated Soil, Water and Nutrient Management. Eds. Hassan Etasami and Yinglong Chen. Elsevier, Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-443-23956-4. 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-23956-4.00005-3
40. Hikmet Gunal, Mesut Budak, Elif Gunal, Mirac¸ Kilic, Abdel Rahman Mohammad Al-Tawaha, Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha, Arun Karnwal, Nataliia Nesterova, Abhishek Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Karen Ghazaryan, Tatiana Minkina, Iftikhar Ali, Amjad M. Husaini, Tauseef A. Bhat, Rahul Kanaoujiya and Rizwan Rashid. 2025. Soil fertility in arid lands: strategies for sustainable management and fertilization. In. Sustainable Agriculture Under Drought Stress. Integrated Soil, Water and Nutrient Management. Eds. Hassan Etasami and Yinglong Chen. Elsevier, Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-443-23956-4. 61-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-23956-4.00006-5
41. Shah Khalid, Amanullah, Abdel Rahman Mohammad Al Tawaha, Nadia, Hikmet Gunal, Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha, Marwa Adel Qotb, Arun Karnwal, Nataliia Nesterova, Abhishek Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Karen Ghazaryan, Tatiana Minkina, Iftikhar Ali, Samar Shawaqfeh, Amjad M. Husaini and Rizwan Rashid. 2025. Impacts of climate change and drought stress on plant metabolome. In. Sustainable Agriculture Under Drought Stress. Integrated Soil, Water and Nutrient Management. Eds. Hassan Etasami and Yinglong Chen. Elsevier, Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-443-23956-4. 105-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-23956-4.00009-0